testsAndMisc/moviepy_showcase.py

"""MoviePy 2.x — Comprehensive Showcase of ALL Features.

Generates a video demonstrating every MoviePy class, method, effect,
and tool. Organised into sections:

  Part 1: Clip Types   (VideoClip, ColorClip, TextClip, ImageClip,
                         BitmapClip, DataVideoClip, ImageSequenceClip)
  Part 2: Clip Methods (subclipped, cropped, resized, rotated, with_position,
                         with_opacity, with_mask, image_transform, transform,
                         time_transform, with_speed_scaled, with_section_cut_out,
                         to_ImageClip, to_mask, to_RGB, with_background_color,
                         with_effects_on_subclip, with_layer_index)
  Part 3: Video Effects (all 34)
  Part 4: Audio         (AudioClip, AudioArrayClip, CompositeAudioClip,
                          all 7 audio effects)
  Part 5: Composition   (CompositeVideoClip, concatenate_videoclips, clips_array)
  Part 6: Drawing Tools (circle, color_gradient, color_split)
  Part 7: Output        (write_videofile params, write_gif, save_frame,
                          write_images_sequence)
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import logging
import os
from pathlib import Path
import shutil
import tempfile
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

from moviepy import (
    AudioArrayClip,
    AudioClip,
    BitmapClip,
    ColorClip,
    CompositeAudioClip,
    CompositeVideoClip,
    DataVideoClip,
    ImageClip,
    ImageSequenceClip,
    TextClip,
    VideoClip,
    VideoFileClip,
    concatenate_audioclips,
    concatenate_videoclips,
)
from moviepy.audio.fx import (
    AudioDelay,
    AudioFadeIn,
    AudioFadeOut,
    AudioLoop,
    AudioNormalize,
    MultiplyStereoVolume,
    MultiplyVolume,
)
from moviepy.video.compositing.CompositeVideoClip import (
    clips_array,
)
from moviepy.video.fx import (
    AccelDecel,
    BlackAndWhite,
    Blink,
    Crop,
    CrossFadeIn,
    CrossFadeOut,
    EvenSize,
    FadeIn,
    FadeOut,
    Freeze,
    FreezeRegion,
    GammaCorrection,
    HeadBlur,
    InvertColors,
    Loop,
    LumContrast,
    MakeLoopable,
    Margin,
    MaskColor,
    MirrorX,
    MirrorY,
    MultiplyColor,
    MultiplySpeed,
    Painting,
    Resize,
    Rotate,
    Scroll,
    SlideIn,
    SlideOut,
    SuperSample,
    TimeMirror,
    TimeSymmetrize,
)
from moviepy.video.tools.drawing import (
    circle,
    color_gradient,
    color_split,
)
import numpy as np

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from collections.abc import Callable

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

os.environ["FFMPEG_BINARY"] = "/usr/bin/ffmpeg"

# ── Constants ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
W, H = 1920, 1080
FPS = 30
CLIP_DUR = 2.0  # duration of each demo clip
HEADER_DUR = 1.5  # duration of section headers
OUTPUT = "moviepy_showcase_full.mp4"
FONT_B = "/usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSans-Bold.ttf"
FONT_R = "/usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSans-Regular.ttf"

# ── Pre-computed gradient LUTs ────────────────────────────────────
_G_CH = (
    np.linspace(0, 255, H, dtype=np.uint8)[:, None]
    * np.ones(W, dtype=np.uint8)[None, :]
)
_B_CH = (
    np.ones(H, dtype=np.uint8)[:, None]
    * np.linspace(0, 255, W, dtype=np.uint8)[None, :]
)


def _gradient(t: float) -> np.ndarray:
    f = np.empty((H, W, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
    f[:, :, 0] = int(128 + 127 * np.sin(t * 2))
    f[:, :, 1] = _G_CH
    f[:, :, 2] = _B_CH
    return f


def _checkerboard(t: float) -> np.ndarray:
    sq = 60
    off = int(t * 40) % sq
    xs = np.arange(W, dtype=np.int32)[None, :]
    ys = np.arange(H, dtype=np.int32)[:, None]
    v = (((xs + off) // sq + (ys + off) // sq) % 2 * 255).astype(np.uint8)
    return np.dstack([v, v, v])


# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def _base_clip(dur: float = CLIP_DUR) -> VideoClip:
    """Animated gradient as a reusable base clip."""
    return VideoClip(_gradient, duration=dur).with_fps(FPS)


def _label(
    text: str,
    size: int = 36,
    color: str = "white",
    pos: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, str] = ("center", 40),
    dur: float = CLIP_DUR,
) -> TextClip:
    """Small label overlay (transparent bg)."""
    return (
        TextClip(
            text=text,
            font_size=size,
            color=color,
            font=FONT_R,
            margin=(0, 15),
        )
        .with_duration(dur)
        .with_position(pos)
    )


def _titled(clip: VideoClip, text: str) -> CompositeVideoClip:
    """Overlay a label onto a clip."""
    lbl = _label(text, dur=clip.duration)
    return CompositeVideoClip(
        [clip.with_duration(clip.duration), lbl],
        size=(W, H),
    )


def _section_header(title: str, subtitle: str = "") -> CompositeVideoClip:
    """Dark background with centred title text."""
    bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(15, 15, 40)).with_duration(HEADER_DUR)
    t = (
        TextClip(
            text=title,
            font_size=72,
            color="white",
            font=FONT_B,
            margin=(0, 30),
        )
        .with_duration(HEADER_DUR)
        .with_position(("center", 380))
    )
    parts: list[VideoClip] = [bg, t]
    if subtitle:
        s = (
            TextClip(
                text=subtitle,
                font_size=32,
                color="#aaaaaa",
                font=FONT_R,
                margin=(0, 15),
            )
            .with_duration(HEADER_DUR)
            .with_position(("center", 520))
        )
        parts.append(s)
    return CompositeVideoClip(parts, size=(W, H))


def _resize_to_canvas(clip: VideoClip) -> VideoClip:
    """Resize a clip to fit (W, H) and centre on black background."""
    cw, ch = clip.size
    scale = min(W / cw, H / ch)
    return clip.resized(
        width=int(cw * scale), height=int(ch * scale)
    ).with_background_color(size=(W, H), color=(0, 0, 0))


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 1 — Clip Types
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def part1_clip_types() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate every clip creation class."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 1: Clip Types",
            "VideoClip · ColorClip · TextClip · ImageClip"
            " · BitmapClip · DataVideoClip · ImageSequenceClip",
        ),
    ]

    # 1. VideoClip — custom frame function
    vc = VideoClip(_gradient, duration=CLIP_DUR).with_fps(FPS)
    scenes.append(_titled(vc, "VideoClip(frame_function)"))

    # 2. ColorClip
    cc = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(0, 120, 200)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(cc, "ColorClip(size, color)"))

    # 3. TextClip — label method
    tbg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(20, 20, 50)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    tc = (
        TextClip(
            text="Hello MoviePy!",
            font_size=96,
            color="yellow",
            font=FONT_B,
            stroke_color="black",
            stroke_width=3,
            bg_color=None,
            margin=(10, 30),
            method="label",
            horizontal_align="center",
            vertical_align="center",
            transparent=True,
        )
        .with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
        .with_position("center")
    )
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            CompositeVideoClip([tbg, tc], size=(W, H)),
            "TextClip(text, font_size, color, stroke, margin, method='label')",
        )
    )

    # 4. TextClip — caption method (wraps text)
    tbg2 = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(50, 20, 20)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    tc2 = (
        TextClip(
            text="This is a longer caption that wraps "
            "because we use method='caption' with a fixed size.",
            font_size=48,
            color="white",
            font=FONT_R,
            method="caption",
            size=(W - 200, None),
            text_align="center",
            interline=10,
            margin=(0, 20),
        )
        .with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
        .with_position("center")
    )
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            CompositeVideoClip([tbg2, tc2], size=(W, H)),
            "TextClip(method='caption', text_align, interline, size)",
        )
    )

    # 5. ImageClip — from numpy array
    img = np.zeros((H, W, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
    img[200:880, 400:1520] = [255, 100, 50]  # orange rectangle
    ic = ImageClip(img, duration=CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(ic, "ImageClip(numpy_array)"))

    # 6. BitmapClip — from ASCII-art frames
    frames = [
        ["RR__", "RR__", "__BB", "__BB"],
        ["__RR", "__RR", "BB__", "BB__"],
        ["RR__", "RR__", "__BB", "__BB"],
        ["__RR", "__RR", "BB__", "BB__"],
    ]
    bc = BitmapClip(
        frames,
        fps=2,
        color_dict={"R": (255, 0, 0), "B": (0, 0, 255), "_": (30, 30, 30)},
    )
    bc = _resize_to_canvas(bc)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(bc.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "BitmapClip(bitmap_frames, color_dict)")
    )

    # 7. DataVideoClip — data-driven frames
    data_list = list(range(60))

    def data_to_frame(d: int) -> np.ndarray:
        frame = np.full((H, W, 3), 30, dtype=np.uint8)
        bar_w = int(d / 60 * (W - 100))
        frame[400:680, 50 : 50 + bar_w] = [0, 200, 100]
        return frame

    dvc = DataVideoClip(data_list, data_to_frame, fps=FPS).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(dvc, "DataVideoClip(data, data_to_frame)"))

    # 8. ImageSequenceClip — from a list of arrays
    seq_frames = []
    for i in range(10):
        f = np.full((H, W, 3), int(25 * i), dtype=np.uint8)
        f[:, :, 0] = int(255 - 25 * i)
        seq_frames.append(f)
    isc = ImageSequenceClip(seq_frames, fps=5).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(isc, "ImageSequenceClip(sequence, fps)"))

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 2 — Clip Methods
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def part2_clip_methods() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate VideoClip methods."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 2: Clip Methods",
            "subclipped · cropped · resized · rotated"
            " · with_position · with_opacity · …",
        ),
    ]

    base = _base_clip(3.0)

    # subclipped
    sc = base.subclipped(0.5, 2.5)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(_resize_to_canvas(sc), "subclipped(start_time=0.5, end_time=2.5)")
    )

    # cropped
    cr = base.cropped(x1=200, y1=100, x2=1200, y2=700).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(_resize_to_canvas(cr), "cropped(x1=200, y1=100, x2=1200, y2=700)")
    )

    # resized — by factor
    rs1 = base.resized(0.5).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(_resize_to_canvas(rs1), "resized(0.5)  # half size"))

    # resized — by height
    rs2 = base.resized(height=400).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(_resize_to_canvas(rs2), "resized(height=400)"))

    # rotated
    rt = base.rotated(30, expand=False, bg_color=(0, 0, 0)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(rt, "rotated(angle=30, expand=False)"))

    # with_position + with_opacity in a composite
    small = base.resized(0.4).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(10, 10, 10)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    p1 = small.with_position((50, 50)).with_opacity(1.0)
    p2 = small.with_position((500, 300)).with_opacity(0.5)
    comp = CompositeVideoClip([bg, p1, p2], size=(W, H))
    scenes.append(_titled(comp, "with_position() + with_opacity(0.5)"))

    # with_mask — circular mask
    mask_arr = circle(
        screensize=(W, H),
        center=(W // 2, H // 2),
        radius=300,
        color=1.0,
        bg_color=0.0,
        blur=20,
    )
    mask_clip = ImageClip(mask_arr, is_mask=True, duration=CLIP_DUR)
    masked = base.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_mask(mask_clip)
    mbg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(0, 0, 0)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            CompositeVideoClip([mbg, masked], size=(W, H)),
            "with_mask() — circular mask via drawing.circle()",
        )
    )

    # image_transform
    def flip_lr(img: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
        return img[:, ::-1]

    it = base.image_transform(flip_lr).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(it, "image_transform(flip_lr_func)"))

    # transform
    def shift_right(gf: Callable[[float], np.ndarray], t: float) -> np.ndarray:
        frame = gf(t)
        shift = int(t * 100)
        return np.roll(frame, shift, axis=1)

    tf = base.transform(shift_right).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(tf, "transform(shift_right_func)"))

    # time_transform
    tt = base.time_transform(lambda t: t * 3).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(tt, "time_transform(lambda t: t*3)  # 3x speed"))

    # with_speed_scaled
    ss = base.with_speed_scaled(factor=0.5)
    scenes.append(_titled(ss.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "with_speed_scaled(factor=0.5)"))

    # with_section_cut_out
    sco = base.with_section_cut_out(0.5, 1.5)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            sco.with_duration(min(sco.duration, CLIP_DUR)),
            "with_section_cut_out(0.5, 1.5)",
        )
    )

    # to_ImageClip
    still = base.to_ImageClip(t=1.0, duration=CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(still, "to_ImageClip(t=1.0)  # freeze at t=1"))

    # to_mask + to_RGB
    bw = base.to_mask(canal=1).to_RGB().with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(bw, "to_mask(canal=1).to_RGB()"))

    # with_background_color
    small2 = base.resized(0.5).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    wbg = small2.with_background_color(size=(W, H), color=(80, 0, 120))
    scenes.append(_titled(wbg, "with_background_color(color=(80,0,120))"))

    # with_effects_on_subclip
    eos = base.with_effects_on_subclip(
        [InvertColors()], start_time=0.5, end_time=1.5
    ).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(eos, "with_effects_on_subclip([InvertColors], 0.5, 1.5)"))

    # with_volume_scaled (visual label only — audio effect)
    vsc = base.with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(_titled(vsc, "with_volume_scaled(factor)  # scales audio amplitude"))

    # with_layer_index
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            base.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "with_layer_index(n)  # compositing z-order"
        )
    )

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 3 — Video Effects (all 34)
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def _fx(effect: object, label: str, dur: float = CLIP_DUR) -> VideoClip:
    """Apply effect to base clip and label it."""
    b = _base_clip(dur)
    try:
        result = b.with_effects([effect])
        # Ensure it has a finite duration
        if result.duration is None or result.duration <= 0:
            result = result.with_duration(dur)
        result = result.with_duration(min(result.duration, dur))
    except (ValueError, OSError, AttributeError):
        result = b
    # Make sure it fits the canvas
    if result.size != (W, H):
        result = _resize_to_canvas(result)
    return _titled(result, label)


def _part3_effects_1_to_17() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Video effects 1-17: AccelDecel through MakeLoopable."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = []

    # 1. AccelDecel
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            AccelDecel(new_duration=CLIP_DUR, abruptness=2.0, soonness=1.0),
            "AccelDecel(abruptness=2.0, soonness=1.0)",
        )
    )

    # 2. BlackAndWhite
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            BlackAndWhite(preserve_luminosity=True),
            "BlackAndWhite(preserve_luminosity=True)",
        )
    )

    # 3. Blink
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            Blink(duration_on=0.3, duration_off=0.3),
            "Blink(duration_on=0.3, duration_off=0.3)",
        )
    )

    # 4. Crop
    b_crop = _base_clip().with_effects([Crop(x1=200, y1=100, x2=1400, y2=800)])
    scenes.append(
        _titled(_resize_to_canvas(b_crop), "Crop(x1=200, y1=100, x2=1400, y2=800)")
    )

    # 5. CrossFadeIn
    scenes.append(_fx(CrossFadeIn(duration=1.0), "CrossFadeIn(duration=1.0)"))

    # 6. CrossFadeOut
    scenes.append(_fx(CrossFadeOut(duration=1.0), "CrossFadeOut(duration=1.0)"))

    # 7. EvenSize
    scenes.append(_fx(EvenSize(), "EvenSize()  # ensures even wxh"))

    # 8. FadeIn
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            FadeIn(duration=1.5, initial_color=[0, 0, 0]),
            "FadeIn(duration=1.5, initial_color=[0,0,0])",
        )
    )

    # 9. FadeOut
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            FadeOut(duration=1.5, final_color=[0, 0, 0]),
            "FadeOut(duration=1.5, final_color=[0,0,0])",
        )
    )

    # 10. Freeze
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            Freeze(t=0.5, freeze_duration=1.0),
            "Freeze(t=0.5, freeze_duration=1.0)",
            dur=3.0,
        )
    )

    # 11. FreezeRegion
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            FreezeRegion(t=0.5, region=(200, 100, 1400, 700)),
            "FreezeRegion(t=0.5, region=(200,100,1400,700))",
        )
    )

    # 12. GammaCorrection
    scenes.append(_fx(GammaCorrection(gamma=2.5), "GammaCorrection(gamma=2.5)"))

    # 13. HeadBlur
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            HeadBlur(
                fx=lambda _: W // 2,
                fy=lambda _: H // 2,
                radius=100,
                intensity=None,
            ),
            "HeadBlur(fx, fy, radius=100)",
        )
    )

    # 14. InvertColors
    scenes.append(_fx(InvertColors(), "InvertColors()"))

    # 15. Loop
    short = _base_clip(0.5)
    looped = short.with_effects([Loop(n=4)])
    scenes.append(_titled(looped.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "Loop(n=4)"))

    # 16. LumContrast
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            LumContrast(lum=30, contrast=50, contrast_threshold=127),
            "LumContrast(lum=30, contrast=50)",
        )
    )

    # 17. MakeLoopable
    scenes.append(
        _fx(MakeLoopable(overlap_duration=0.5), "MakeLoopable(overlap_duration=0.5)")
    )

    return scenes


def _part3_effects_18_to_34() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Video effects 18-34: Margin through TimeSymmetrize."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = []

    # 18. Margin
    b_margin = _base_clip().with_effects(
        [
            Resize(0.7),
            Margin(
                margin_size=None,
                left=40,
                right=40,
                top=20,
                bottom=20,
                color=(255, 0, 0),
                opacity=1.0,
            ),
        ]
    )
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            _resize_to_canvas(b_margin),
            "Margin(left=40, right=40, top=20, bottom=20, color=red)",
        )
    )

    # 19. MaskColor
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            MaskColor(color=(128, 128, 128), threshold=80, stiffness=1),
            "MaskColor(color, threshold=80)",
        )
    )

    # 20. MasksAnd
    mask1 = circle((W, H), (W // 3, H // 2), 300, 1.0, 0.0, 1)
    mask2 = circle((W, H), (2 * W // 3, H // 2), 300, 1.0, 0.0, 1)
    combined = np.minimum(mask1, mask2)
    m_clip = ImageClip(combined, is_mask=True, duration=CLIP_DUR)
    masked_and = _base_clip().with_mask(m_clip)
    mbg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(0, 0, 0)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            CompositeVideoClip([mbg, masked_and], size=(W, H)),
            "MasksAnd — intersection of two circle masks",
        )
    )

    # 21. MasksOr
    combined_or = np.maximum(mask1, mask2)
    m_clip2 = ImageClip(combined_or, is_mask=True, duration=CLIP_DUR)
    masked_or = _base_clip().with_mask(m_clip2)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            CompositeVideoClip([mbg, masked_or], size=(W, H)),
            "MasksOr — union of two circle masks",
        )
    )

    # 22. MirrorX
    scenes.append(_fx(MirrorX(), "MirrorX()  # horizontal flip"))

    # 23. MirrorY
    scenes.append(_fx(MirrorY(), "MirrorY()  # vertical flip"))

    # 24. MultiplyColor
    scenes.append(_fx(MultiplyColor(factor=1.8), "MultiplyColor(factor=1.8)"))

    # 25. MultiplySpeed
    scenes.append(_fx(MultiplySpeed(factor=3.0), "MultiplySpeed(factor=3.0)", dur=4.0))

    # 26. Painting
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            Painting(saturation=1.4, black=0.006),
            "Painting(saturation=1.4, black=0.006)",
        )
    )

    # 27. Resize
    b_rs = _base_clip().with_effects([Resize(new_size=(960, 540))])
    scenes.append(_titled(_resize_to_canvas(b_rs), "Resize(new_size=(960,540))"))

    # 28. Rotate
    scenes.append(
        _fx(
            Rotate(angle=45, expand=True, bg_color=(0, 0, 0)),
            "Rotate(angle=45, expand=True)",
        )
    )

    # 29. Scroll
    # Draw bands
    tall_arr = np.full((H * 3, W, 3), 40, dtype=np.uint8)
    for i in range(6):
        y0, y1 = i * H // 2, (i + 1) * H // 2
        tall_arr[y0:y1, :] = [
            (50 * i) % 256,
            (100 + 30 * i) % 256,
            (200 - 20 * i) % 256,
        ]
    tall_clip = ImageClip(tall_arr, duration=CLIP_DUR).with_effects(
        [
            Scroll(h=H, y_speed=-300, w=W),
        ]
    )
    scenes.append(_titled(_resize_to_canvas(tall_clip), "Scroll(h, y_speed=-300)"))

    # 30. SlideIn
    si = _base_clip().with_effects([SlideIn(duration=1.0, side="left")])
    scenes.append(_titled(si, "SlideIn(duration=1.0, side='left')"))

    # 31. SlideOut
    so = _base_clip().with_effects([SlideOut(duration=1.0, side="right")])
    scenes.append(_titled(so, "SlideOut(duration=1.0, side='right')"))

    # 32. SuperSample
    scenes.append(_fx(SuperSample(d=0.1, n_frames=3), "SuperSample(d=0.1, n_frames=3)"))

    # 33. TimeMirror
    tm = _base_clip().with_effects([TimeMirror()])
    scenes.append(
        _titled(tm.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "TimeMirror()  # plays backwards")
    )

    # 34. TimeSymmetrize
    ts = _base_clip().with_effects([TimeSymmetrize()])
    scenes.append(
        _titled(ts.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "TimeSymmetrize()  # forward then reverse")
    )

    return scenes


def part3_video_effects() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate all 34 video effects."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 3: Video Effects",
            "All 34 effects from moviepy.video.fx",
        ),
    ]
    scenes.extend(_part3_effects_1_to_17())
    scenes.extend(_part3_effects_18_to_34())
    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 4 — Audio
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def _make_sine(freq: float = 440.0, dur: float = CLIP_DUR) -> AudioClip:
    """Pure sine-wave AudioClip."""

    def maker(t: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
        t_arr = np.asarray(t)
        wave = 0.3 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * freq * t_arr.flatten())
        stereo = np.column_stack([wave, wave])
        # MoviePy probes with scalar t=0 and uses len(list(frame0))
        # for nchannels. A (1,2) array iterates as 1 row → nchannels=1.
        # Returning shape (2,) for scalar t lets MoviePy detect 2 channels.
        if t_arr.ndim == 0:
            return stereo[0]
        return stereo

    return AudioClip(maker, duration=dur, fps=44100)


def part4_audio() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate audio clips and all 7 audio effects."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 4: Audio",
            "AudioClip · AudioArrayClip · CompositeAudioClip · 7 Audio Effects",
        ),
    ]
    bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(20, 30, 50))

    # AudioClip
    a1 = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR)
    c1 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a1)
    scenes.append(_titled(c1, "AudioClip(sine_440Hz)"))

    # AudioArrayClip
    sr = 44100
    t_arr = np.linspace(0, CLIP_DUR, int(sr * CLIP_DUR), endpoint=False)
    arr = (0.3 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * 880 * t_arr)).astype(np.float64)
    stereo = np.column_stack([arr, arr])
    a2 = AudioArrayClip(stereo, fps=sr)
    c2 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a2)
    scenes.append(_titled(c2, "AudioArrayClip(numpy_array, fps=44100)  # 880Hz"))

    # CompositeAudioClip
    low = _make_sine(220, CLIP_DUR)
    high = _make_sine(660, CLIP_DUR)
    comp_audio = CompositeAudioClip([low, high])
    c3 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(comp_audio)
    scenes.append(_titled(c3, "CompositeAudioClip([220Hz, 660Hz])"))

    # concatenate_audioclips
    a_cat = concatenate_audioclips([_make_sine(330, 1.0), _make_sine(550, 1.0)])
    c4 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_cat)
    scenes.append(_titled(c4, "concatenate_audioclips([330Hz, 550Hz])"))

    # AudioFadeIn
    a_fi = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR).with_effects([AudioFadeIn(duration=1.5)])
    c5 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_fi)
    scenes.append(_titled(c5, "AudioFadeIn(duration=1.5)"))

    # AudioFadeOut
    a_fo = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR).with_effects([AudioFadeOut(duration=1.5)])
    c6 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_fo)
    scenes.append(_titled(c6, "AudioFadeOut(duration=1.5)"))

    # AudioDelay
    a_delay = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR).with_effects(
        [AudioDelay(offset=0.2, n_repeats=4, decay=1)]
    )
    c7 = bg.with_duration(a_delay.duration).with_audio(a_delay)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            c7.with_duration(CLIP_DUR), "AudioDelay(offset=0.2, n_repeats=4, decay=1)"
        )
    )

    # AudioLoop
    short_a = _make_sine(440, 0.5)
    a_loop = short_a.with_effects([AudioLoop(duration=CLIP_DUR)])
    c8 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_loop)
    scenes.append(_titled(c8, "AudioLoop(duration=2.0)"))

    # AudioNormalize
    quiet = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR)  # already normalized but demonstrates the call
    a_norm = quiet.with_effects([AudioNormalize()])
    c9 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_norm)
    scenes.append(_titled(c9, "AudioNormalize()"))

    # MultiplyStereoVolume
    a_stereo = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR).with_effects(
        [MultiplyStereoVolume(left=1.0, right=0.2)]
    )
    c10 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_stereo)
    scenes.append(_titled(c10, "MultiplyStereoVolume(left=1.0, right=0.2)"))

    # MultiplyVolume
    a_vol = _make_sine(440, CLIP_DUR).with_effects([MultiplyVolume(factor=0.3)])
    c11 = bg.with_duration(CLIP_DUR).with_audio(a_vol)
    scenes.append(_titled(c11, "MultiplyVolume(factor=0.3)"))

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 5 — Composition
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def part5_composition() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate composition & concatenation."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 5: Composition",
            "CompositeVideoClip · concatenate_videoclips · clips_array",
        ),
    ]

    # CompositeVideoClip with bg_color, use_bgclip
    bg = _base_clip()
    overlay = (
        ColorClip(size=(400, 400), color=(255, 50, 50))
        .with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
        .with_position(("center", "center"))
        .with_opacity(0.6)
    )
    comp1 = CompositeVideoClip([bg, overlay], size=(W, H), bg_color=(0, 0, 0))
    scenes.append(_titled(comp1, "CompositeVideoClip(clips, bg_color, use_bgclip)"))

    #  concatenate_videoclips — method='chain'
    c1 = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(200, 50, 50)).with_duration(0.7)
    c2 = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(50, 200, 50)).with_duration(0.7)
    c3 = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(50, 50, 200)).with_duration(0.6)
    cat = concatenate_videoclips([c1, c2, c3], method="chain")
    scenes.append(_titled(cat, "concatenate_videoclips(method='chain')"))

    # concatenate_videoclips — method='compose' with padding
    cat2 = concatenate_videoclips(
        [
            c1.resized((W // 2, H // 2)),
            c2.resized((W // 2, H // 2)),
            c3.resized((W, H)),
        ],
        method="compose",
        bg_color=(0, 0, 0),
        padding=-0.2,
    )
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            _resize_to_canvas(cat2),
            "concatenate_videoclips(method='compose', padding=-0.2)",
        )
    )

    # concatenate_videoclips with transition
    cat3 = concatenate_videoclips(
        [c1, c2, c3],
        padding=-0.3,
        method="compose",
    )
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            cat3.with_duration(CLIP_DUR),
            "concatenate_videoclips(padding=-0.3)  # overlap",
        )
    )

    # clips_array
    a = ColorClip(size=(W // 2, H // 2), color=(200, 50, 50)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    b = ColorClip(size=(W // 2, H // 2), color=(50, 200, 50)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    c = ColorClip(size=(W // 2, H // 2), color=(50, 50, 200)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    d = ColorClip(size=(W // 2, H // 2), color=(200, 200, 50)).with_duration(CLIP_DUR)
    grid = clips_array([[a, b], [c, d]])
    scenes.append(_titled(_resize_to_canvas(grid), "clips_array([[a, b], [c, d]])"))

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 6 — Drawing Tools
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def part6_drawing_tools() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Demonstrate moviepy.video.tools.drawing functions."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 6: Drawing Tools", "circle · color_gradient · color_split"
        ),
    ]

    # circle
    circ = circle(
        screensize=(W, H),
        center=(W // 2, H // 2),
        radius=300,
        color=1.0,
        bg_color=0.0,
        blur=30,
    )
    circ_rgb = (np.dstack([circ, circ, circ]) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            ImageClip(circ_rgb, duration=CLIP_DUR),
            "drawing.circle(center, radius=300, blur=30)",
        )
    )

    # color_gradient — linear
    grad = color_gradient(
        size=(W, H),
        p1=(0, 0),
        p2=(W, H),
        color_1=0.0,
        color_2=1.0,
        shape="linear",
    )
    grad_rgb = (np.dstack([grad, grad, grad]) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            ImageClip(grad_rgb, duration=CLIP_DUR),
            "drawing.color_gradient(shape='linear')",
        )
    )

    # color_gradient — radial
    grad_r = color_gradient(
        size=(W, H),
        p1=(W // 2, H // 2),
        radius=500,
        color_1=1.0,
        color_2=0.0,
        shape="radial",
    )
    grad_r_rgb = (np.dstack([grad_r, grad_r, grad_r]) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            ImageClip(grad_r_rgb, duration=CLIP_DUR),
            "drawing.color_gradient(shape='radial', radius=500)",
        )
    )

    # color_split
    split = color_split(
        size=(W, H),
        x=W // 2,
        color_1=0.0,
        color_2=1.0,
        gradient_width=100,
    )
    split_rgb = (np.dstack([split, split, split]) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
    scenes.append(
        _titled(
            ImageClip(split_rgb, duration=CLIP_DUR),
            "drawing.color_split(x=W/2, gradient_width=100)",
        )
    )

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# PART 7 — Output Methods
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def part7_output() -> list[VideoClip]:
    """Label-only slides for output methods + parameters."""
    scenes: list[VideoClip] = [
        _section_header(
            "Part 7: Output Methods",
            "write_videofile · write_gif · save_frame · write_images_sequence",
        ),
    ]

    bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(15, 20, 35))

    methods = [
        (
            "write_videofile()",
            "filename, fps, codec, bitrate, audio, audio_fps,\n"
            "preset, audio_nbytes, audio_codec, audio_bitrate,\n"
            "audio_bufsize, temp_audiofile, threads,\n"
            "ffmpeg_params, logger, pixel_format",
        ),
        (
            "write_gif()",
            "filename, fps, loop, logger",
        ),
        (
            "save_frame()",
            "filename, t, with_mask",
        ),
        (
            "write_images_sequence()",
            "name_format, fps, with_mask, logger",
        ),
        (
            "write_audiofile()",
            "filename, fps, nbytes, buffersize,\ncodec, bitrate, ffmpeg_params, logger",
        ),
    ]

    for title, params in methods:
        t1 = (
            TextClip(
                text=title, font_size=56, color="cyan", font=FONT_B, margin=(0, 20)
            )
            .with_duration(2.5)
            .with_position(("center", 300))
        )
        t2 = (
            TextClip(
                text=f"Parameters:\n{params}",
                font_size=32,
                color="#dddddd",
                font=FONT_R,
                method="caption",
                size=(W - 300, None),
                text_align="center",
                interline=8,
                margin=(0, 15),
            )
            .with_duration(2.5)
            .with_position(("center", 500))
        )
        scenes.append(CompositeVideoClip([bg.with_duration(2.5), t1, t2], size=(W, H)))

    return scenes


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# ASSEMBLY — memory-safe: render each part to a temp file, then
# concatenate via VideoFileClip so only one part is in RAM at a time.
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def _render_part(
    scenes: list[VideoClip],
    path: str,
    label: str,
) -> None:
    """Concatenate *scenes*, write to *path*, then close all clips."""
    logger.info("  Rendering %s (%d scenes) → %s", label, len(scenes), Path(path).name)
    part = concatenate_videoclips(scenes, method="compose", bg_color=(0, 0, 0))
    part.write_videofile(
        path,
        fps=FPS,
        codec="libx264",
        preset="ultrafast",
        audio=False,
        logger=None,
    )
    # Free memory
    part.close()
    for s in scenes:
        s.close()


def main() -> None:
    """Assemble all parts into the final showcase video."""
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
    logger.info("Building MoviePy comprehensive showcase…")

    tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="moviepy_showcase_")
    try:
        _build(tmpdir)
    finally:
        shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True)


def _build(tmpdir: str) -> None:
    # ── Render each part to its own temp file ─────────────────────
    # Title card
    title_bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(10, 10, 30)).with_duration(3.0)
    title_txt = (
        TextClip(
            text="MoviePy 2.x\nComplete Feature Showcase",
            font_size=80,
            color="white",
            font=FONT_B,
            method="caption",
            size=(W - 200, None),
            text_align="center",
            margin=(0, 40),
        )
        .with_duration(3.0)
        .with_position("center")
    )
    title_card = CompositeVideoClip([title_bg, title_txt], size=(W, H)).with_effects(
        [FadeIn(1.0)]
    )

    # Outro
    outro_bg = ColorClip(size=(W, H), color=(10, 10, 30)).with_duration(3.0)
    outro_txt = (
        TextClip(
            text="That's all of MoviePy 2.x!\n34 video effects · 7 audio effects\n"
            "11 clip types · drawing tools · composition",
            font_size=52,
            color="white",
            font=FONT_B,
            method="caption",
            size=(W - 200, None),
            text_align="center",
            margin=(0, 30),
        )
        .with_duration(3.0)
        .with_position("center")
    )
    outro = CompositeVideoClip([outro_bg, outro_txt], size=(W, H)).with_effects(
        [FadeOut(1.5)]
    )

    part_builders = [
        ("title", lambda: [title_card]),
        ("Part 1: Clip Types", part1_clip_types),
        ("Part 2: Clip Methods", part2_clip_methods),
        ("Part 3: Video Effects", part3_video_effects),
        ("Part 4: Audio", part4_audio),
        ("Part 5: Composition", part5_composition),
        ("Part 6: Drawing Tools", part6_drawing_tools),
        ("Part 7: Output Methods", part7_output),
        ("outro", lambda: [outro]),
    ]

    part_files: list[str] = []
    for i, (label, builder) in enumerate(part_builders):
        path = str(Path(tmpdir) / f"part_{i:02d}.mp4")
        scenes = builder()
        _render_part(scenes, path, label)
        part_files.append(path)

    # ── Load temp files as lightweight VideoFileClips & concat ─────
    logger.info("Concatenating all parts…")
    file_clips = [VideoFileClip(p) for p in part_files]
    final = concatenate_videoclips(file_clips, method="chain")

    # Background audio
    audio = _make_sine(330, final.duration).with_effects([MultiplyVolume(factor=0.5)])
    final = final.with_audio(audio)

    logger.info("Total duration: %.1fs", final.duration)
    logger.info("Writing %s (NVENC GPU)…", OUTPUT)

    final.write_videofile(
        OUTPUT,
        fps=FPS,
        codec="h264_nvenc",
        audio_codec="aac",
        threads=os.cpu_count(),
        ffmpeg_params=["-preset", "p4", "-rc", "constqp", "-qp", "18", "-b:v", "0"],
        logger="bar",
    )

    # Clean up
    final.close()
    for c in file_clips:
        c.close()

    size_mb = Path(OUTPUT).stat().st_size / (1024 * 1024)
    logger.info("✔ Saved %s (%.1f MB)", OUTPUT, size_mb)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()