// Readable micro-Max (https://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/max-src2.html) inspired engine: CLI-compatible with engine.py // Usage: // micro_max_engine [--seed N] [--fen FEN] [--explain] [--analyze UCI] ... // Behavior: ranks provided UCI moves using a simple material/king-safety heuristic derived // from the FEN position (if given). Prints chosen move by default, or JSON with --explain. #include #include #include #include #include #include typedef struct { char squares[64]; // a1=0 .. h8=63, '.' empty, uppercase white, lowercase black int white_to_move; // 1 white, 0 black } Board; static int file_of(int idx) { return idx % 8; } static int rank_of(int idx) { return idx / 8; } static int idx_from_fr(int f, int r) { return r * 8 + f; } static int on_board(int f, int r) { return f >= 0 && f < 8 && r >= 0 && r < 8; } static int is_white(char p) { return p >= 'A' && p <= 'Z'; } static int is_black(char p) { return p >= 'a' && p <= 'z'; } static int piece_value_cp(char p) { switch ((int)tolower((unsigned char)p)) { case 'p': return 100; case 'n': return 320; case 'b': return 330; case 'r': return 500; case 'q': return 900; case 'k': return 0; default: return 0; } } static int parse_fen(Board *b, const char *fen) { memset(b->squares, '.', sizeof(b->squares)); b->white_to_move = 1; if (!fen || !*fen) return 0; int f = 0, r = 7; const char *p = fen; while (*p && *p != ' ') { char c = *p++; if (c == '/') { f = 0; r--; if (r < 0) return 0; continue; } if (c >= '1' && c <= '8') { f += (c - '0'); if (f > 8) return 0; continue; } if (isalpha((unsigned char)c)) { if (f >= 8 || r < 0) return 0; b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)] = c; f++; } else return 0; } if (*p == ' ') p++; if (*p == 'w') { b->white_to_move = 1; p++; } else if (*p == 'b') { b->white_to_move = 0; p++; } return 1; } static int find_king(const Board *b, int white) { char k = white ? 'K' : 'k'; for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) { if (b->squares[i] == k) return i; } return -1; } static int sq_attacked_by(const Board *b, int target_idx, int by_white) { int tf = file_of(target_idx), tr = rank_of(target_idx); // Knights const int kdf[8] = {1,2, 2,1, -1,-2, -2,-1}; const int kdr[8] = {2,1, -1,-2, 2,1, -1,-2}; for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) { int f = tf + kdf[i], r = tr + kdr[i]; if (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (by_white ? p == 'N' : p == 'n') return 1; } } // King for (int df = -1; df <= 1; ++df) for (int dr = -1; dr <= 1; ++dr) if (df || dr) { int f = tf + df, r = tr + dr; if (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (by_white ? p == 'K' : p == 'k') return 1; } } // Pawns if (by_white) { int f1 = tf - 1, r1 = tr - 1; int f2 = tf + 1, r2 = tr - 1; if (on_board(f1, r1) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f1, r1)] == 'P') return 1; if (on_board(f2, r2) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f2, r2)] == 'P') return 1; } else { int f1 = tf - 1, r1 = tr + 1; int f2 = tf + 1, r2 = tr + 1; if (on_board(f1, r1) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f1, r1)] == 'p') return 1; if (on_board(f2, r2) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f2, r2)] == 'p') return 1; } // Bishops/queens const int dsf[4] = {1, 1, -1, -1}; const int dsr[4] = {1, -1, 1, -1}; for (int d = 0; d < 4; ++d) { int f = tf + dsf[d], r = tr + dsr[d]; while (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (p != '.') { if (by_white ? (p == 'B' || p == 'Q') : (p == 'b' || p == 'q')) return 1; break; } f += dsf[d]; r += dsr[d]; } } // Rooks/queens const int rsf[4] = {1, -1, 0, 0}; const int rsr[4] = {0, 0, 1, -1}; for (int d = 0; d < 4; ++d) { int f = tf + rsf[d], r = tr + rsr[d]; while (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (p != '.') { if (by_white ? (p == 'R' || p == 'Q') : (p == 'r' || p == 'q')) return 1; break; } f += rsf[d]; r += rsr[d]; } } return 0; } static int count_attackers(const Board *b, int target_idx, int by_white) { int tf = file_of(target_idx), tr = rank_of(target_idx); int cnt = 0; const int kdf[8] = {1,2, 2,1, -1,-2, -2,-1}; const int kdr[8] = {2,1, -1,-2, 2,1, -1,-2}; for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) { int f = tf + kdf[i], r = tr + kdr[i]; if (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (by_white ? p == 'N' : p == 'n') cnt++; } } for (int df = -1; df <= 1; ++df) for (int dr = -1; dr <= 1; ++dr) if (df || dr) { int f = tf + df, r = tr + dr; if (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (by_white ? p == 'K' : p == 'k') cnt++; } } if (by_white) { int f1 = tf - 1, r1 = tr - 1; int f2 = tf + 1, r2 = tr - 1; if (on_board(f1, r1) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f1, r1)] == 'P') cnt++; if (on_board(f2, r2) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f2, r2)] == 'P') cnt++; } else { int f1 = tf - 1, r1 = tr + 1; int f2 = tf + 1, r2 = tr + 1; if (on_board(f1, r1) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f1, r1)] == 'p') cnt++; if (on_board(f2, r2) && b->squares[idx_from_fr(f2, r2)] == 'p') cnt++; } const int dsf[4] = {1, 1, -1, -1}; const int dsr[4] = {1, -1, 1, -1}; for (int d = 0; d < 4; ++d) { int f = tf + dsf[d], r = tr + dsr[d]; while (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (p != '.') { if (by_white ? (p == 'B' || p == 'Q') : (p == 'b' || p == 'q')) cnt++; break; } f += dsf[d]; r += dsr[d]; } } const int rsf[4] = {1, -1, 0, 0}; const int rsr[4] = {0, 0, 1, -1}; for (int d = 0; d < 4; ++d) { int f = tf + rsf[d], r = tr + rsr[d]; while (on_board(f, r)) { char p = b->squares[idx_from_fr(f, r)]; if (p != '.') { if (by_white ? (p == 'R' || p == 'Q') : (p == 'r' || p == 'q')) cnt++; break; } f += rsf[d]; r += rsr[d]; } } return cnt; } static int material_cp(const Board *b) { int w = 0, bl = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) { char p = b->squares[i]; if (p == '.') continue; int v = piece_value_cp(p); if (is_white(p)) w += v; else bl += v; } return w - bl; } static int parse_uci(const char *uci, int *from, int *to, char *prom) { if (!uci || strlen(uci) < 4) return 0; int f1 = uci[0] - 'a'; int r1 = uci[1] - '1'; int f2 = uci[2] - 'a'; int r2 = uci[3] - '1'; if (!on_board(f1, r1) || !on_board(f2, r2)) return 0; *from = idx_from_fr(f1, r1); *to = idx_from_fr(f2, r2); *prom = (uci[4] ? uci[4] : 0); return 1; } static void apply_move(const Board *in, const char *uci, Board *out, int *cap_cp, int *prom_gain_cp) { *out = *in; *cap_cp = 0; *prom_gain_cp = 0; int from, to; char prom; if (!parse_uci(uci, &from, &to, &prom)) return; char mover = out->squares[from]; char captured = out->squares[to]; if (captured != '.') *cap_cp = piece_value_cp(captured); out->squares[to] = mover; out->squares[from] = '.'; if (prom) { int is_w = is_white(mover); char p = (char)tolower((unsigned char)prom); char prom_piece = p == 'q' ? (is_w ? 'Q' : 'q') : p == 'r' ? (is_w ? 'R' : 'r') : p == 'b' ? (is_w ? 'B' : 'b') : (is_w ? 'N' : 'n'); int gain = piece_value_cp(prom_piece) - piece_value_cp(is_w ? 'P' : 'p'); *prom_gain_cp = gain; out->squares[to] = prom_piece; } out->white_to_move = !in->white_to_move; } typedef struct { char uci[16]; double cap_cp; double prom_cp; double mat_cp; double atk_opp_king; double opp_king_mob; double piece_cp; double opp_min_att_cp; double us_min_att_cp; double see_cp; double risk_cp; int gives_check; double score; } MoveInfo; static double score_move(const MoveInfo *m, unsigned int seed) { double s = 0.0; if (m->gives_check) { double add = 200.0 + 40.0 * m->atk_opp_king - 35.0 * m->opp_king_mob; if (m->opp_king_mob <= 0.0) add += 800.0; s += add; } s += 1.5 * m->cap_cp; if (m->cap_cp > 0.0) { double exch = m->cap_cp - m->piece_cp; s += (m->piece_cp <= 120.0 ? 1.0 : 3.0) * exch; if (m->piece_cp >= 850.0) s -= 150.0; } s += 2.0 * m->prom_cp; s += 1.2 * m->mat_cp; s += 0.2 * m->see_cp; s -= 1.0 * m->risk_cp; double jitter = (double)(seed % 1000) / 1000000.0; return s + jitter; } static unsigned int parse_seed(int *pargc, char ***pargv) { unsigned int seed = (unsigned int)time(NULL) ^ (unsigned int)getpid(); int argc = *pargc; char **argv = *pargv; for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) if (strcmp(argv[i], "--seed") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) { seed = (unsigned int)strtoul(argv[i + 1], NULL, 10); for (int j = i; j + 2 < argc; ++j) argv[j] = argv[j + 2]; *pargc -= 2; return seed; } return seed; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc <= 1) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [--seed N] [--fen FEN] [--explain] [--analyze UCI] \n", argv[0]); return 1; } unsigned int seed = parse_seed(&argc, &argv); srand(seed); int explain = 0; const char *analyze_uci = NULL; const char *fen = NULL; for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) { if (strcmp(argv[i], "--explain") == 0) { explain = 1; for (int j = i; j + 1 < argc; ++j) argv[j] = argv[j + 1]; argc -= 1; i -= 1; } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--fen") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) { fen = argv[i + 1]; for (int j = i; j + 2 < argc; ++j) argv[j] = argv[j + 2]; argc -= 2; i -= 1; } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--analyze") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) { analyze_uci = argv[i + 1]; for (int j = i; j + 2 < argc; ++j) argv[j] = argv[j + 2]; argc -= 2; i -= 1; } } if (argc <= 1) { fprintf(stderr, "no moves provided\n"); return 1; } int n = argc - 1; char **moves = &argv[1]; Board board; int have_pos = 0; if (fen) { if (!parse_fen(&board, fen)) { fprintf(stderr, "invalid FEN\n"); return 1; } have_pos = 1; } int base_mat = 0; if (have_pos) base_mat = material_cp(&board); MoveInfo *arr = (MoveInfo*)calloc((size_t)n, sizeof(MoveInfo)); if (!arr) { fprintf(stderr, "alloc failed\n"); return 1; } for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { strncpy(arr[i].uci, moves[i], sizeof(arr[i].uci) - 1); arr[i].uci[sizeof(arr[i].uci) - 1] = '\0'; if (!have_pos) { arr[i].score = (double)rand() / (double)RAND_MAX; continue; } Board after = board; int cap = 0, pg = 0; apply_move(&board, arr[i].uci, &after, &cap, &pg); int mat_after = material_cp(&after); int mat_raw = mat_after - base_mat; int mat_signed = board.white_to_move ? mat_raw : -mat_raw; arr[i].cap_cp = cap; arr[i].prom_cp = pg; arr[i].mat_cp = (double)mat_signed; int from, to; char pr; if (parse_uci(arr[i].uci, &from, &to, &pr)) { char landed = after.squares[to]; arr[i].piece_cp = piece_value_cp(landed); int opp_is_white = after.white_to_move; int us_is_white = !after.white_to_move; int opp_min = 0, us_min = 0; // Use min of attackers by value (crude) // We'll reuse piece values by scanning all pieces; simpler via count_attackers() surrogate // Here we approximate with: if square attacked at all, assume min attacker is pawn (100) if (sq_attacked_by(&after, to, opp_is_white)) opp_min = 100; if (sq_attacked_by(&after, to, us_is_white)) us_min = 100; arr[i].opp_min_att_cp = opp_min; arr[i].us_min_att_cp = us_min; arr[i].see_cp = (cap > 0) ? ((double)cap - (double)opp_min) : 0.0; if (cap == 0 && opp_min > 0 && us_min == 0) { double risk = (double)opp_min; if (risk > arr[i].piece_cp) risk = arr[i].piece_cp; arr[i].risk_cp = risk; } } int opp_white = !board.white_to_move; int opp_king = find_king(&after, opp_white); int gives = 0; if (opp_king >= 0) { gives = sq_attacked_by(&after, opp_king, !after.white_to_move); int atk = count_attackers(&after, opp_king, !after.white_to_move); int mob = 0; int kf = file_of(opp_king), kr = rank_of(opp_king); for (int df=-1; df<=1; ++df) for (int dr=-1; dr<=1; ++dr) if (df||dr) { int f=kf+df, r=kr+dr; if (!on_board(f,r)) continue; int idx=idx_from_fr(f,r); char occ=after.squares[idx]; if (occ!='.' && (opp_white ? is_white(occ) : is_black(occ))) continue; if (!sq_attacked_by(&after, idx, !after.white_to_move)) mob++; } arr[i].atk_opp_king = atk; arr[i].opp_king_mob = mob; } arr[i].gives_check = gives; unsigned int local = seed ^ (unsigned int)i * 2654435761u; arr[i].score = score_move(&arr[i], local); } double best_score = -1e300; int best_idx = -1; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) if (arr[i].score > best_score) { best_score = arr[i].score; best_idx = i; } if (best_idx < 0) { free(arr); fprintf(stderr, "no moves\n"); return 1; } if (!explain) { printf("%s\n", arr[best_idx].uci); free(arr); return 0; } printf("{\n"); printf(" \"seed\": %u,\n", seed); if (have_pos) { printf(" \"fen\": \"%s\",\n", fen); printf(" \"side_to_move\": \"%s\",\n", board.white_to_move ? "white" : "black"); printf(" \"base_material_cp\": %d,\n", base_mat); } printf(" \"n\": %d,\n", n); printf(" \"moves\": ["); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { printf("\"%s\"%s", arr[i].uci, (i+1= 0 ? arr[cand_idx].score : -1.0); const char *cmp = "unknown"; if (cand_idx >= 0) cmp = (cand_score > best_score ? "higher" : (cand_score < best_score ? "lower" : "equal")); printf(",\n \"analyze\": { \"candidate\": \"%s\", \"candidate_index\": %d, \"candidate_score\": %.6f, \"compare_to_chosen\": \"%s\" }\n", analyze_uci, cand_idx, cand_score, cmp); } else { printf("\n"); } printf("}\n"); free(arr); return 0; }