testsAndMisc/C/imageViewer/main.c

#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_error.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_events.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_keyboard.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_keycode.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_mouse.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_pixels.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_rect.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_render.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_stdinc.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_surface.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_timer.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_video.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

enum { WINDOW_WIDTH = 800, WINDOW_HEIGHT = 600, MAX_PATH_LEN = 512, MAX_FILES = 1000 };

// Auto-navigation and rendering constants
enum {
    AUTO_NAV_INTERVAL_MS = 100,
    BACKGROUND_COLOR_R = 32,
    BACKGROUND_COLOR_G = 32,
    BACKGROUND_COLOR_B = 32,
    BACKGROUND_COLOR_A = 255
};

typedef struct {
    char **files;
    int count;
    int current_index;
    char base_dir[MAX_PATH_LEN];
} FileList;

typedef struct {
    SDL_Window *window;
    SDL_Renderer *renderer;
    SDL_Texture *texture;
    SDL_Surface *original_surface; // kept for saving rotated output
    char current_file[MAX_PATH_LEN];
    int image_width;
    int image_height;
    // Trimming (crop) amounts in pixels from each side (applied before rotation)
    int trim_left;
    int trim_right;
    int trim_top;
    int trim_bottom;
    float zoom_factor;
    int offset_x;
    int offset_y;
    int dragging;
    int last_mouse_x;
    int last_mouse_y;
    FileList file_list;

    // Auto-navigation state
    int left_key_held;
    int right_key_held;
    Uint32 last_auto_nav_time;
    Uint32 auto_nav_interval; // milliseconds

    // Rotation state (degrees, multiples of 90)
    int rotation_degrees;
} ImageViewer;

// Function declarations
static int is_image_file(const char *filename);
static int init_file_list(FileList *list, const char *path);
static void cleanup_file_list(FileList *list);
static char *get_current_file_path(const FileList *list);
static int load_current_image(ImageViewer *viewer);
static int navigate_next_image(ImageViewer *viewer);
static int navigate_prev_image(ImageViewer *viewer);
static void print_current_image_info(const ImageViewer *viewer);
static void handle_auto_navigation(ImageViewer *viewer);

// Rotation/saving helpers
static SDL_Surface *rotate_surface_90_cw(SDL_Surface *src);
static SDL_Surface *rotate_surface_quarters(SDL_Surface *src, int quartersCW);
static SDL_Surface *
crop_surface_argb8888(SDL_Surface *src, int left, int top, int right, int bottom);
static int save_processed_image(const ImageViewer *viewer);

// Safe memory copy wrapper to address static analyzer warnings
static int safe_copy_memory(void *dest, size_t dest_size, const void *src, size_t src_len) {
    if (!dest || !src || dest_size == 0 || src_len == 0) {
        return 0; // Invalid parameters
    }

    if (src_len > dest_size) {
        return 0; // Source too large for destination
    }

    memcpy(dest,
           src,
           src_len); // NOLINT(clang-analyzer-security.insecureAPI.DeprecatedOrUnsafeBufferHandling)
    return 1;        // Success
}

// Safe string copy with automatic null termination
static int safe_copy_string(char *dest, size_t dest_size, const char *src, size_t src_len) {
    if (!dest || !src || dest_size <= 1) {
        return 0; // Invalid parameters or dest too small for null terminator
    }

    size_t copy_len = (src_len < dest_size - 1) ? src_len : dest_size - 1;
    if (!safe_copy_memory(dest, dest_size, src, copy_len)) {
        return 0;
    }

    dest[copy_len] = '\0';
    return 1; // Success
}

// Safe path formatting wrapper to address static analyzer warnings
static int safe_format_path(char *dest, size_t dest_size, const char *dir, const char *filename) {
    if (!dest || !dir || !filename || dest_size == 0) {
        return 0; // Invalid parameters
    }

    int ret = snprintf(
        dest,
        dest_size,
        "%s/%s",
        dir,
        filename); // NOLINT(clang-analyzer-security.insecureAPI.DeprecatedOrUnsafeBufferHandling)
    if (ret < 0 || (size_t)ret >= dest_size) {
        return 0; // Formatting failed or path too long
    }

    return 1; // Success
}

static int init_viewer(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) {
        printf("SDL could not initialize! SDL_Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        return 0;
    }

    int img_flags = IMG_INIT_JPG | IMG_INIT_PNG | IMG_INIT_WEBP;
    if (!(IMG_Init(img_flags) & img_flags)) {
        printf("SDL_image could not initialize! SDL_image Error: %s\n", IMG_GetError());
        SDL_Quit();
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->window = SDL_CreateWindow("Image Viewer",
                                      SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
                                      SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
                                      WINDOW_WIDTH,
                                      WINDOW_HEIGHT,
                                      SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);

    if (!viewer->window) {
        printf("Window could not be created! SDL_Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        IMG_Quit();
        SDL_Quit();
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(viewer->window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
    if (!viewer->renderer) {
        printf("Renderer could not be created! SDL_Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        SDL_DestroyWindow(viewer->window);
        IMG_Quit();
        SDL_Quit();
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->texture = NULL;
    viewer->original_surface = NULL;
    viewer->current_file[0] = '\0';
    viewer->zoom_factor = 1.0F;
    viewer->trim_left = 0;
    viewer->trim_right = 0;
    viewer->trim_top = 0;
    viewer->trim_bottom = 0;
    viewer->offset_x = 0;
    viewer->offset_y = 0;
    viewer->dragging = 0;
    viewer->image_width = 0;
    viewer->image_height = 0;
    viewer->rotation_degrees = 0;

    // Initialize file list
    viewer->file_list.files = NULL;
    viewer->file_list.count = 0;
    viewer->file_list.current_index = 0;
    viewer->file_list.base_dir[0] = '\0';

    // Initialize auto-navigation state
    viewer->left_key_held = 0;
    viewer->right_key_held = 0;
    viewer->last_auto_nav_time = 0;
    viewer->auto_nav_interval = AUTO_NAV_INTERVAL_MS;

    return 1;
}

static int load_image(ImageViewer *viewer, const char *filename) {
    if (viewer->texture) {
        SDL_DestroyTexture(viewer->texture);
        viewer->texture = NULL;
    }
    if (viewer->original_surface) {
        SDL_FreeSurface(viewer->original_surface);
        viewer->original_surface = NULL;
    }

    SDL_Surface *surface = IMG_Load(filename);
    if (!surface) {
        printf("Unable to load image %s! SDL_image Error: %s\n", filename, IMG_GetError());
        return 0;
    }

    // Convert to a known format for safe rotation/saving
    SDL_Surface *converted = SDL_ConvertSurfaceFormat(surface, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, 0);
    if (!converted) {
        printf("Unable to convert surface for %s! SDL_Error: %s\n", filename, SDL_GetError());
        SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(viewer->renderer, converted);
    if (!viewer->texture) {
        printf("Unable to create texture from %s! SDL_Error: %s\n", filename, SDL_GetError());
        SDL_FreeSurface(converted);
        SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->image_width = converted->w;
    viewer->image_height = converted->h;

    // Keep the converted surface for saving later
    viewer->original_surface = converted;

    SDL_FreeSurface(surface);

    size_t filename_len = strlen(filename);
    if (!safe_copy_string(viewer->current_file, MAX_PATH_LEN, filename, filename_len)) {
        printf("Error: Filename too long for buffer\n");
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->zoom_factor = 1.0F;
    // Reset trims on new image
    viewer->trim_left = 0;
    viewer->trim_right = 0;
    viewer->trim_top = 0;
    viewer->trim_bottom = 0;
    viewer->offset_x = 0;
    viewer->offset_y = 0;
    viewer->rotation_degrees = 0; // reset rotation on new image

    int window_w;
    int window_h;
    SDL_GetWindowSize(viewer->window, &window_w, &window_h);

    float scale_x = (float)window_w / viewer->image_width;
    float scale_y = (float)window_h / viewer->image_height;
    float auto_scale = (scale_x < scale_y) ? scale_x : scale_y;

    // Only scale down if image is larger than window, never scale up
    if (auto_scale < 1.0F) {
        viewer->zoom_factor = auto_scale;
    }

    printf("Loaded image: %s (%dx%d)\n", filename, viewer->image_width, viewer->image_height);
    return 1;
}

static void render_image(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(viewer->renderer,
                           BACKGROUND_COLOR_R,
                           BACKGROUND_COLOR_G,
                           BACKGROUND_COLOR_B,
                           BACKGROUND_COLOR_A);
    SDL_RenderClear(viewer->renderer);

    if (!viewer->texture) {
        SDL_RenderPresent(viewer->renderer);
        return;
    }

    int base_w = viewer->image_width;
    int base_h = viewer->image_height;

    // Compute effective source rect based on trims (clamp to valid range)
    int left = viewer->trim_left < 0 ? 0 : viewer->trim_left;
    int right = viewer->trim_right < 0 ? 0 : viewer->trim_right;
    int top = viewer->trim_top < 0 ? 0 : viewer->trim_top;
    int bottom = viewer->trim_bottom < 0 ? 0 : viewer->trim_bottom;
    if (left + right >= base_w) {
        int excess = left + right - (base_w - 1);
        if (right >= excess) {
            right -= excess;
        } else {
            left -= (excess - right);
        }
    }
    if (top + bottom >= base_h) {
        int excess = top + bottom - (base_h - 1);
        if (bottom >= excess) {
            bottom -= excess;
        } else {
            top -= (excess - bottom);
        }
    }
    SDL_Rect src_rect;
    src_rect.x = left;
    src_rect.y = top;
    src_rect.w = base_w - left - right;
    src_rect.h = base_h - top - bottom;
    if (src_rect.w <= 0) {
        src_rect.w = 1;
    }
    if (src_rect.h <= 0) {
        src_rect.h = 1;
    }

    int scaled_width = (int)(src_rect.w * viewer->zoom_factor);
    int scaled_height = (int)(src_rect.h * viewer->zoom_factor);

    int window_w;
    int window_h;
    SDL_GetWindowSize(viewer->window, &window_w, &window_h);

    int x = ((window_w - scaled_width) / 2) + viewer->offset_x;
    int y = ((window_h - scaled_height) / 2) + viewer->offset_y;

    SDL_Rect dest_rect = {x, y, scaled_width, scaled_height};
    SDL_RenderCopyEx(viewer->renderer,
                     viewer->texture,
                     &src_rect,
                     &dest_rect,
                     (double)viewer->rotation_degrees,
                     NULL,
                     SDL_FLIP_NONE);

    SDL_RenderPresent(viewer->renderer);
}

static void handle_zoom(ImageViewer *viewer, float zoom_delta, int mouse_x, int mouse_y) {
    float old_zoom = viewer->zoom_factor;
    viewer->zoom_factor += zoom_delta;

    if (viewer->zoom_factor < 0.1F) {
        viewer->zoom_factor = 0.1F;
    }
    if (viewer->zoom_factor > 10.0F) {
        viewer->zoom_factor = 10.0F;
    }

    float zoom_ratio = viewer->zoom_factor / old_zoom;

    int window_w;
    int window_h;
    SDL_GetWindowSize(viewer->window, &window_w, &window_h);

    int center_x = window_w / 2;
    int center_y = window_h / 2;

    viewer->offset_x =
        ((viewer->offset_x - (mouse_x - center_x)) * zoom_ratio) + (mouse_x - center_x);
    viewer->offset_y =
        ((viewer->offset_y - (mouse_y - center_y)) * zoom_ratio) + (mouse_y - center_y);
}

static void print_help(void) {
    printf("\n=== Image Viewer Controls ===\n");
    printf("Mouse wheel / +/-: Zoom in/out\n");
    printf("Mouse drag: Pan image\n");
    printf("Left/Right Arrow: Navigate between images\n");
    printf("Hold Left/Right Arrow: Auto-navigate every second\n");
    printf("[ / ]: Rotate left/right by 90 degrees\n");
    printf("Trim (per side, step 10px; hold Shift for 50px):\n");
    printf("  1/2: Left -/+   3/4: Right -/+   5/6: Top -/+   7/8: Bottom -/+\n");
    printf("  T: Reset all trims to 0\n");
    printf("Ctrl+S: Save trimmed (and rotated, if applied) image next to the original\n");
    printf("R: Reset zoom and position\n");
    printf("F: Fit image to window\n");
    printf("H: Show this help\n");
    printf("ESC/Q: Quit\n");
    printf("===============================\n\n");
}

static void cleanup_viewer(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (viewer->texture) {
        SDL_DestroyTexture(viewer->texture);
    }
    if (viewer->original_surface) {
        SDL_FreeSurface(viewer->original_surface);
        viewer->original_surface = NULL;
    }
    if (viewer->renderer) {
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(viewer->renderer);
    }
    if (viewer->window) {
        SDL_DestroyWindow(viewer->window);
    }
    cleanup_file_list(&viewer->file_list);
    IMG_Quit();
    SDL_Quit();
}

static int is_image_file(const char *filename) {
    const char *ext = strrchr(filename, '.');
    if (!ext) {
        return 0;
    }

    ext++; // Skip the dot
    return (strcasecmp(ext, "jpg") == 0 || strcasecmp(ext, "jpeg") == 0 ||
            strcasecmp(ext, "png") == 0 || strcasecmp(ext, "bmp") == 0 ||
            strcasecmp(ext, "gif") == 0 || strcasecmp(ext, "tif") == 0 ||
            strcasecmp(ext, "tiff") == 0 || strcasecmp(ext, "webp") == 0);
}

static int init_file_list(FileList *list, const char *path) {
    struct stat path_stat;
    list->files = NULL;
    list->count = 0;
    list->current_index = 0;

    if (stat(path, &path_stat) != 0) {
        printf("Error: Cannot access path %s\n", path);
        return 0;
    }

    if (S_ISDIR(path_stat.st_mode)) {
        // It's a directory - scan for image files
        DIR *dir = opendir(path);
        if (!dir) {
            printf("Error: Cannot open directory %s\n", path);
            return 0;
        }

        size_t path_len = strlen(path);
        if (!safe_copy_string(list->base_dir, MAX_PATH_LEN, path, path_len)) {
            printf("Error: Path too long\n");
            closedir(dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // First pass: count image files
        const struct dirent *entry = NULL;
        while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
            if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' && is_image_file(entry->d_name)) {
                // Build full path and check if it's a regular file
                char full_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
                if (!safe_format_path(full_path, sizeof(full_path), path, entry->d_name)) {
                    continue; // Skip if path formatting fails or path too long
                }
                struct stat file_stat;
                if (stat(full_path, &file_stat) == 0 && S_ISREG(file_stat.st_mode)) {
                    list->count++;
                }
            }
        }

        if (list->count == 0) {
            printf("No image files found in directory %s\n", path);
            closedir(dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // Allocate memory for file list
        list->files = malloc(list->count * sizeof(char *));
        if (!list->files) {
            printf("Error: Memory allocation failed\n");
            closedir(dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // Second pass: store filenames
        rewinddir(dir);
        int index = 0;
        while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL && index < list->count) {
            if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' && is_image_file(entry->d_name)) {
                // Build full path and check if it's a regular file
                char full_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
                if (!safe_format_path(full_path, sizeof(full_path), path, entry->d_name)) {
                    continue; // Skip if path formatting fails or path too long
                }
                struct stat file_stat;
                if (stat(full_path, &file_stat) == 0 && S_ISREG(file_stat.st_mode)) {
                    list->files[index] = malloc(strlen(entry->d_name) + 1);
                    if (list->files[index]) {
                        size_t name_len = strlen(entry->d_name);
                        if (safe_copy_string(
                                list->files[index], name_len + 1, entry->d_name, name_len)) {
                            index++;
                        } else {
                            free(list->files[index]);
                            list->files[index] = NULL;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        list->count = index; // Update count to actual stored files

        closedir(dir);

        // Sort files alphabetically by filename without extension, shorter names first
        for (int i = 0; i < list->count - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < list->count - i - 1; j++) {
                // Extract filenames without extensions
                char name1[MAX_PATH_LEN];
                char name2[MAX_PATH_LEN];
                size_t len1 = strlen(list->files[j]);
                size_t len2 = strlen(list->files[j + 1]);

                if (!safe_copy_string(name1, MAX_PATH_LEN, list->files[j], len1) ||
                    !safe_copy_string(name2, MAX_PATH_LEN, list->files[j + 1], len2)) {
                    continue; // Skip if copy fails
                }

                char *dot1 = strrchr(name1, '.');
                char *dot2 = strrchr(name2, '.');
                if (dot1) {
                    *dot1 = '\0';
                }
                if (dot2) {
                    *dot2 = '\0';
                }

                // Custom comparison: shorter names first, then alphabetical
                int should_swap = 0;
                int name1_len = strlen(name1);
                int name2_len = strlen(name2);

                if (name1_len != name2_len) {
                    // Different lengths - shorter comes first
                    should_swap = (name1_len > name2_len);
                } else {
                    // Same length - alphabetical order
                    should_swap = (strcmp(name1, name2) > 0);
                }

                if (should_swap) {
                    char *temp = list->files[j];
                    list->files[j] = list->files[j + 1];
                    list->files[j + 1] = temp;
                }
            }
        }

        printf("Found %d image files in directory\n", list->count);

    } else if (S_ISREG(path_stat.st_mode)) {
        // It's a single file - scan its directory for all images
        if (!is_image_file(path)) {
            printf("Error: %s is not a supported image file\n", path);
            return 0;
        }

        // Extract directory and filename
        char *last_slash = strrchr(path, '/');
        const char *target_filename = NULL;

        if (last_slash) {
            size_t dir_len = last_slash - path;
            if (!safe_copy_string(list->base_dir, MAX_PATH_LEN, path, dir_len)) {
                printf("Error: Directory path too long\n");
                return 0;
            }
            target_filename = last_slash + 1;
        } else {
            if (!safe_copy_string(list->base_dir, MAX_PATH_LEN, ".", 1)) {
                printf("Error: Failed to set current directory\n");
                return 0;
            }
            target_filename = path;
        }

        // Now scan the directory for all image files
        DIR *dir = opendir(list->base_dir);
        if (!dir) {
            printf("Error: Cannot open directory %s\n", list->base_dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // First pass: count image files in directory
        const struct dirent *entry = NULL;
        list->count = 0;
        while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
            if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' && is_image_file(entry->d_name)) {
                // Build full path and check if it's a regular file
                char full_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
                if (!safe_format_path(
                        full_path, sizeof(full_path), list->base_dir, entry->d_name)) {
                    continue; // Skip if path formatting fails or path too long
                }
                struct stat file_stat;
                if (stat(full_path, &file_stat) == 0 && S_ISREG(file_stat.st_mode)) {
                    list->count++;
                }
            }
        }

        if (list->count == 0) {
            printf("No image files found in directory %s\n", list->base_dir);
            closedir(dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // Allocate memory for file list
        list->files = malloc(list->count * sizeof(char *));
        if (!list->files) {
            printf("Error: Memory allocation failed\n");
            closedir(dir);
            return 0;
        }

        // Second pass: store filenames
        rewinddir(dir);
        int index = 0;
        while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL && index < list->count) {
            if (entry->d_name[0] != '.' && is_image_file(entry->d_name)) {
                // Build full path and check if it's a regular file
                char full_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
                if (!safe_format_path(
                        full_path, sizeof(full_path), list->base_dir, entry->d_name)) {
                    continue; // Skip if path formatting fails or path too long
                }
                struct stat file_stat;
                if (stat(full_path, &file_stat) == 0 && S_ISREG(file_stat.st_mode)) {
                    list->files[index] = malloc(strlen(entry->d_name) + 1);
                    if (list->files[index]) {
                        size_t name_len = strlen(entry->d_name);
                        if (safe_copy_string(
                                list->files[index], name_len + 1, entry->d_name, name_len)) {
                            index++;
                        } else {
                            free(list->files[index]);
                            list->files[index] = NULL;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        list->count = index; // Update count to actual stored files

        closedir(dir);

        // Sort files alphabetically by filename without extension, shorter names first
        for (int i = 0; i < list->count - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < list->count - i - 1; j++) {
                // Extract filenames without extensions
                char name1[MAX_PATH_LEN];
                char name2[MAX_PATH_LEN];
                size_t len1 = strlen(list->files[j]);
                size_t len2 = strlen(list->files[j + 1]);

                if (!safe_copy_string(name1, MAX_PATH_LEN, list->files[j], len1) ||
                    !safe_copy_string(name2, MAX_PATH_LEN, list->files[j + 1], len2)) {
                    continue; // Skip if copy fails
                }

                char *dot1 = strrchr(name1, '.');
                char *dot2 = strrchr(name2, '.');
                if (dot1) {
                    *dot1 = '\0';
                }
                if (dot2) {
                    *dot2 = '\0';
                }

                // Custom comparison: shorter names first, then alphabetical
                int should_swap = 0;
                int name1_len = strlen(name1);
                int name2_len = strlen(name2);

                if (name1_len != name2_len) {
                    // Different lengths - shorter comes first
                    should_swap = (name1_len > name2_len);
                } else {
                    // Same length - alphabetical order
                    should_swap = (strcmp(name1, name2) > 0);
                }

                if (should_swap) {
                    char *temp = list->files[j];
                    list->files[j] = list->files[j + 1];
                    list->files[j + 1] = temp;
                }
            }
        }

        // Find the target file in the sorted list and set current_index
        for (int i = 0; i < list->count; i++) {
            if (strcmp(list->files[i], target_filename) == 0) {
                list->current_index = i;
                break;
            }
        }

        printf(
            "Found %d image files in directory, starting with: %s\n", list->count, target_filename);

    } else {
        printf("Error: %s is neither a file nor a directory\n", path);
        return 0;
    }

    return 1;
}

static void cleanup_file_list(FileList *list) {
    if (list->files) {
        for (int i = 0; i < list->count; i++) {
            if (list->files[i]) {
                free(list->files[i]);
            }
        }
        free(list->files);
        list->files = NULL;
    }
    list->count = 0;
    list->current_index = 0;
}

static char *get_current_file_path(const FileList *list) {
    if (!list->files || list->current_index < 0 || list->current_index >= list->count) {
        return NULL;
    }

    static char full_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
    if (!safe_format_path(
            full_path, sizeof(full_path), list->base_dir, list->files[list->current_index])) {
        return NULL; // Path formatting failed or path too long
    }
    return full_path;
}

static int load_current_image(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    const char *file_path = get_current_file_path(&viewer->file_list);
    if (!file_path) {
        printf("No current file to load\n");
        return 0;
    }

    return load_image(viewer, file_path);
}

static int navigate_next_image(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (viewer->file_list.count <= 1) {
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->file_list.current_index =
        (viewer->file_list.current_index + 1) % viewer->file_list.count;
    return load_current_image(viewer);
}

static int navigate_prev_image(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (viewer->file_list.count <= 1) {
        return 0;
    }

    viewer->file_list.current_index =
        (viewer->file_list.current_index - 1 + viewer->file_list.count) % viewer->file_list.count;
    return load_current_image(viewer);
}

static void print_current_image_info(const ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (viewer->file_list.count > 1) {
        printf("Image %d/%d: %s\n",
               viewer->file_list.current_index + 1,
               viewer->file_list.count,
               viewer->file_list.files[viewer->file_list.current_index]);
    }
}

static void handle_auto_navigation(ImageViewer *viewer) {
    Uint32 current_time = SDL_GetTicks();

    if ((viewer->left_key_held || viewer->right_key_held) &&
        (current_time - viewer->last_auto_nav_time >= viewer->auto_nav_interval)) {
        if (viewer->left_key_held) {
            if (navigate_prev_image(viewer)) {
                print_current_image_info(viewer);
            }
        } else if (viewer->right_key_held) {
            if (navigate_next_image(viewer)) {
                print_current_image_info(viewer);
            }
        }

        viewer->last_auto_nav_time = current_time;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("Usage: %s <image_file_or_directory>\n", argv[0]);
        printf("Supported formats: JPG, JPEG, PNG, BMP, GIF, TIF, WEBP\n");
        return 1;
    }

    ImageViewer viewer;

    if (!init_viewer(&viewer)) {
        printf("Failed to initialize image viewer!\n");
        return 1;
    }

    if (!init_file_list(&viewer.file_list, argv[1])) {
        printf("Failed to initialize file list for: %s\n", argv[1]);
        cleanup_viewer(&viewer);
        return 1;
    }

    if (!load_current_image(&viewer)) {
        printf("Failed to load initial image\n");
        cleanup_viewer(&viewer);
        return 1;
    }

    print_help();
    print_current_image_info(&viewer);

    int quit = 0;
    SDL_Event e;

    while (!quit) {
        while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
            switch (e.type) {
                case SDL_QUIT:
                    quit = 1;
                    break;

                case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                    switch (e.key.keysym.sym) {
                        case SDLK_ESCAPE:
                        case SDLK_q:
                            quit = 1;
                            break;

                        case SDLK_r:
                            viewer.zoom_factor = 1.0F;
                            viewer.offset_x = 0;
                            viewer.offset_y = 0;
                            printf("Reset view\n");
                            break;

                        case SDLK_f: {
                            int window_w;
                            int window_h;
                            SDL_GetWindowSize(viewer.window, &window_w, &window_h);
                            int eff_w = viewer.image_width - viewer.trim_left - viewer.trim_right;
                            int eff_h = viewer.image_height - viewer.trim_top - viewer.trim_bottom;
                            if (eff_w < 1) {
                                eff_w = 1;
                            }
                            if (eff_h < 1) {
                                eff_h = 1;
                            }
                            float scale_x = (float)window_w / eff_w;
                            float scale_y = (float)window_h / eff_h;
                            viewer.zoom_factor = (scale_x < scale_y) ? scale_x : scale_y;
                            viewer.offset_x = 0;
                            viewer.offset_y = 0;
                            printf("Fit to window (zoom: %.2f)\n", viewer.zoom_factor);
                        } break;

                        case SDLK_PLUS:
                        case SDLK_EQUALS:
                            handle_zoom(&viewer, 0.1F, WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2);
                            printf("Zoom: %.2f\n", viewer.zoom_factor);
                            break;

                        case SDLK_MINUS:
                            handle_zoom(&viewer, -0.1F, WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2);
                            printf("Zoom: %.2f\n", viewer.zoom_factor);
                            break;

                        case SDLK_h:
                            print_help();
                            break;

                        // Trimming controls: per-side -/+ with number keys; Shift = larger step
                        case SDLK_1:
                        case SDLK_2:
                        case SDLK_3:
                        case SDLK_4:
                        case SDLK_5:
                        case SDLK_6:
                        case SDLK_7:
                        case SDLK_8: {
                            int step = (SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_SHIFT) ? 50 : 10;
                            int iw = viewer.image_width;
                            int ih = viewer.image_height;
                            if (iw <= 0 || ih <= 0) {
                                break;
                            }
                            switch (e.key.keysym.sym) {
                                case SDLK_1: // left -
                                    viewer.trim_left -= step;
                                    if (viewer.trim_left < 0) {
                                        viewer.trim_left = 0;
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_2: // left +
                                    viewer.trim_left += step;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_3: // right -
                                    viewer.trim_right -= step;
                                    if (viewer.trim_right < 0) {
                                        viewer.trim_right = 0;
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_4: // right +
                                    viewer.trim_right += step;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_5: // top -
                                    viewer.trim_top -= step;
                                    if (viewer.trim_top < 0) {
                                        viewer.trim_top = 0;
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_6: // top +
                                    viewer.trim_top += step;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_7: // bottom -
                                    viewer.trim_bottom -= step;
                                    if (viewer.trim_bottom < 0) {
                                        viewer.trim_bottom = 0;
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_8: // bottom +
                                    viewer.trim_bottom += step;
                                    break;
                            }
                            // Clamp so at least 1px remains
                            if (viewer.trim_left + viewer.trim_right >= iw) {
                                viewer.trim_right = iw - 1 - viewer.trim_left;
                                if (viewer.trim_right < 0) {
                                    viewer.trim_right = 0;
                                }
                                if (viewer.trim_left >= iw) {
                                    viewer.trim_left = iw - 1;
                                }
                            }
                            if (viewer.trim_top + viewer.trim_bottom >= ih) {
                                viewer.trim_bottom = ih - 1 - viewer.trim_top;
                                if (viewer.trim_bottom < 0) {
                                    viewer.trim_bottom = 0;
                                }
                                if (viewer.trim_top >= ih) {
                                    viewer.trim_top = ih - 1;
                                }
                            }
                            int eff_w = iw - viewer.trim_left - viewer.trim_right;
                            int eff_h = ih - viewer.trim_top - viewer.trim_bottom;
                            printf("Trim L/R/T/B: %d/%d/%d/%d (effective %dx%d)\n",
                                   viewer.trim_left,
                                   viewer.trim_right,
                                   viewer.trim_top,
                                   viewer.trim_bottom,
                                   eff_w,
                                   eff_h);
                        } break;

                        case SDLK_t: // reset trimming
                            viewer.trim_left = viewer.trim_right = viewer.trim_top =
                                viewer.trim_bottom = 0;
                            printf("Trims reset.\n");
                            break;

                        case SDLK_LEFTBRACKET: { // '[' rotate left 90
                            viewer.rotation_degrees -= 90;
                            if (viewer.rotation_degrees <= -360) {
                                viewer.rotation_degrees = 0;
                            }
                            printf("Rotation: %d degrees\n",
                                   ((viewer.rotation_degrees % 360) + 360) % 360);
                        } break;

                        case SDLK_RIGHTBRACKET: { // ']' rotate right 90
                            viewer.rotation_degrees += 90;
                            if (viewer.rotation_degrees >= 360) {
                                viewer.rotation_degrees = 0;
                            }
                            printf("Rotation: %d degrees\n",
                                   ((viewer.rotation_degrees % 360) + 360) % 360);
                        } break;

                        case SDLK_s: {
                            const Uint16 mods = SDL_GetModState();
                            if (mods & KMOD_CTRL) {
                                if (!save_processed_image(&viewer)) {
                                    printf("Failed to save image.\n");
                                }
                            }
                        } break;

                        case SDLK_LEFT:
                            if (!viewer.left_key_held) {
                                // First press - immediate navigation
                                if (navigate_prev_image(&viewer)) {
                                    print_current_image_info(&viewer);
                                }
                                viewer.left_key_held = 1;
                                viewer.last_auto_nav_time = SDL_GetTicks();
                            }
                            break;

                        case SDLK_RIGHT:
                            if (!viewer.right_key_held) {
                                // First press - immediate navigation
                                if (navigate_next_image(&viewer)) {
                                    print_current_image_info(&viewer);
                                }
                                viewer.right_key_held = 1;
                                viewer.last_auto_nav_time = SDL_GetTicks();
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                    break;

                case SDL_KEYUP:
                    switch (e.key.keysym.sym) {
                        case SDLK_LEFT:
                            viewer.left_key_held = 0;
                            break;

                        case SDLK_RIGHT:
                            viewer.right_key_held = 0;
                            break;
                    }
                    break;

                case SDL_MOUSEWHEEL: {
                    int mouse_x;
                    int mouse_y;
                    SDL_GetMouseState(&mouse_x, &mouse_y);
                    float zoom_delta = e.wheel.y * 0.1F;
                    handle_zoom(&viewer, zoom_delta, mouse_x, mouse_y);
                    printf("Zoom: %.2f\n", viewer.zoom_factor);
                } break;

                case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                    if (e.button.button == SDL_BUTTON_LEFT) {
                        viewer.dragging = 1;
                        viewer.last_mouse_x = e.button.x;
                        viewer.last_mouse_y = e.button.y;
                    }
                    break;

                case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                    if (e.button.button == SDL_BUTTON_LEFT) {
                        viewer.dragging = 0;
                    }
                    break;

                case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
                    if (viewer.dragging) {
                        int dx = e.motion.x - viewer.last_mouse_x;
                        int dy = e.motion.y - viewer.last_mouse_y;

                        viewer.offset_x += dx;
                        viewer.offset_y += dy;

                        viewer.last_mouse_x = e.motion.x;
                        viewer.last_mouse_y = e.motion.y;
                    }
                    break;

                case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
                    if (e.window.event == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED) {
                        printf("Window resized to %dx%d\n", e.window.data1, e.window.data2);

                        // Recalculate auto-scaling for new window size
                        int window_w = e.window.data1;
                        int window_h = e.window.data2;
                        int eff_w = viewer.image_width - viewer.trim_left - viewer.trim_right;
                        int eff_h = viewer.image_height - viewer.trim_top - viewer.trim_bottom;
                        if (eff_w < 1) {
                            eff_w = 1;
                        }
                        if (eff_h < 1) {
                            eff_h = 1;
                        }
                        float scale_x = (float)window_w / eff_w;
                        float scale_y = (float)window_h / eff_h;
                        float auto_scale = (scale_x < scale_y) ? scale_x : scale_y;

                        // Only scale down if image is larger than window, never scale up
                        if (auto_scale < 1.0F) {
                            viewer.zoom_factor = auto_scale;
                        } else {
                            viewer.zoom_factor = 1.0F;
                        }

                        // Reset offset to center the image
                        viewer.offset_x = 0;
                        viewer.offset_y = 0;

                        printf("Auto-scaled to zoom: %.2f\n", viewer.zoom_factor);
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        // Handle auto-navigation when keys are held
        handle_auto_navigation(&viewer);

        render_image(&viewer);
        SDL_Delay(16);
    }

    cleanup_viewer(&viewer);
    printf("Image viewer closed.\n");
    return 0;
}

// Rotate ARGB8888 surface 90 degrees clockwise
static SDL_Surface *rotate_surface_90_cw(SDL_Surface *src) {
    if (!src) {
        return NULL;
    }
    int allocated_conv = 0;
    SDL_Surface *work = src;
    if (src->format->format != SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888) {
        work = SDL_ConvertSurfaceFormat(src, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, 0);
        if (!work) {
            return NULL;
        }
        allocated_conv = 1;
    }

    int src_w = work->w;
    int src_h = work->h;
    SDL_Surface *dest =
        SDL_CreateRGBSurfaceWithFormat(0, src_h, src_w, 32, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888);
    if (!dest) {
        if (allocated_conv) {
            SDL_FreeSurface(work);
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(work)) {
        SDL_LockSurface(work);
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(dest)) {
        SDL_LockSurface(dest);
    }

    Uint32 *src_pixels = (Uint32 *)work->pixels;
    Uint32 *dst_pixels = (Uint32 *)dest->pixels;
    int src_pitch_px = work->pitch / 4;
    int dst_pitch_px = dest->pitch / 4;

    for (int y = 0; y < src_h; ++y) {
        for (int x = 0; x < src_w; ++x) {
            Uint32 pixel = src_pixels[(y * src_pitch_px) + x];
            int nx = src_h - 1 - y;
            int ny = x;
            dst_pixels[(ny * dst_pitch_px) + nx] = pixel;
        }
    }

    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(dest)) {
        SDL_UnlockSurface(dest);
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(work)) {
        SDL_UnlockSurface(work);
    }
    if (allocated_conv) {
        SDL_FreeSurface(work);
    }
    return dest;
}

static SDL_Surface *rotate_surface_quarters(SDL_Surface *src, int quartersCW) {
    quartersCW = ((quartersCW % 4) + 4) % 4;
    if (quartersCW == 0) {
        // Return a duplicate to avoid accidental modifications to original
        SDL_Surface *dup = SDL_ConvertSurfaceFormat(src, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, 0);
        return dup;
    }

    SDL_Surface *current = SDL_ConvertSurfaceFormat(src, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, 0);
    if (!current) {
        return NULL;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < quartersCW; ++i) {
        SDL_Surface *next = rotate_surface_90_cw(current);
        SDL_FreeSurface(current);
        if (!next) {
            return NULL;
        }
        current = next;
    }
    return current;
}

// Crop ARGB8888 surface by trimming pixels from each side; returns new surface
static SDL_Surface *
crop_surface_argb8888(SDL_Surface *src, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
    if (!src) {
        return NULL;
    }
    SDL_Surface *work = src;
    int free_work = 0;
    if (src->format->format != SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888) {
        work = SDL_ConvertSurfaceFormat(src, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, 0);
        if (!work) {
            return NULL;
        }
        free_work = 1;
    }

    int iw = work->w;
    int ih = work->h;
    if (left < 0) {
        left = 0;
    }
    if (right < 0) {
        right = 0;
    }
    if (top < 0) {
        top = 0;
    }
    if (bottom < 0) {
        bottom = 0;
    }
    if (left + right >= iw) {
        right = iw - 1 - left;
    }
    if (top + bottom >= ih) {
        bottom = ih - 1 - top;
    }
    int cw = iw - left - right;
    int ch = ih - top - bottom;
    if (cw < 1) {
        cw = 1;
    }
    if (ch < 1) {
        ch = 1;
    }

    SDL_Surface *out = SDL_CreateRGBSurfaceWithFormat(0, cw, ch, 32, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888);
    if (!out) {
        if (free_work) {
            SDL_FreeSurface(work);
        }
        return NULL;
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(work)) {
        SDL_LockSurface(work);
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(out)) {
        SDL_LockSurface(out);
    }
    Uint32 *sp = (Uint32 *)work->pixels;
    Uint32 *dp = (Uint32 *)out->pixels;
    int sp_pitch = work->pitch / 4;
    int dp_pitch = out->pitch / 4;
    for (int y = 0; y < ch; ++y) {
        memcpy(&dp[y * dp_pitch], &sp[((y + top) * sp_pitch) + left], (size_t)cw * 4);
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(out)) {
        SDL_UnlockSurface(out);
    }
    if (SDL_MUSTLOCK(work)) {
        SDL_UnlockSurface(work);
    }
    if (free_work) {
        SDL_FreeSurface(work);
    }
    return out;
}

static int save_processed_image(const ImageViewer *viewer) {
    if (!viewer->original_surface) {
        printf("No image loaded to save.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // First, crop based on current trims (before rotation to match on-screen behavior)
    SDL_Surface *cropped = crop_surface_argb8888(viewer->original_surface,
                                                 viewer->trim_left,
                                                 viewer->trim_top,
                                                 viewer->trim_right,
                                                 viewer->trim_bottom);
    if (!cropped) {
        printf("Failed to crop surface for saving.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    int rot = ((viewer->rotation_degrees % 360) + 360) % 360;
    int quarters = rot / 90;

    SDL_Surface *save_surf = NULL;
    if (quarters == 0) {
        save_surf = cropped; // already ARGB8888
    } else {
        save_surf = rotate_surface_quarters(cropped, quarters);
        SDL_FreeSurface(cropped);
        if (!save_surf) {
            printf("Failed to rotate cropped surface for saving.\n");
            return 0;
        }
    }
    if (!save_surf) {
        printf("Failed to prepare rotated surface for saving.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    // Build output path based on original extension: <base_dir>/<name>_rotated.<ext>
    const char *orig_name = viewer->file_list.files[viewer->file_list.current_index];
    char name_wo_ext[MAX_PATH_LEN];
    size_t len = strlen(orig_name);
    if (!safe_copy_string(name_wo_ext, sizeof name_wo_ext, orig_name, len)) {
        SDL_FreeSurface(save_surf);
        return 0;
    }
    const char *ext_ptr = strrchr(orig_name, '.');
    char ext_lower[16] = {0};
    if (ext_ptr && *(ext_ptr + 1) != '\0') {
        ext_ptr++; // skip dot
        size_t eLen = strlen(ext_ptr);
        if (eLen >= sizeof(ext_lower)) {
            eLen = sizeof(ext_lower) - 1;
        }
        for (size_t i = 0; i < eLen; ++i) {
            char c = ext_ptr[i];
            if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') {
                c = (char)(c - 'A' + 'a');
            }
            ext_lower[i] = c;
        }
    } else {
        // default to png if no extension
        strcpy(ext_lower, "png");
    }

    // Trim name_wo_ext at last dot to remove extension
    char *dot = strrchr(name_wo_ext, '.');
    if (dot) {
        *dot = '\0';
    }

    char out_path[MAX_PATH_LEN * 2];
    char fname[MAX_PATH_LEN];

    // Decide saving function by extension; fallback to png if unsupported
    int saved = 0;
    int fallback_png = 0;
    int any_trim =
        (viewer->trim_left | viewer->trim_right | viewer->trim_top | viewer->trim_bottom) != 0;

    if (strcmp(ext_lower, "png") == 0) {
        int n = snprintf(
            fname, sizeof fname, "%s_%s.png", name_wo_ext, any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated");
        if (n >= 0 && (size_t)n < sizeof fname &&
            safe_format_path(out_path, sizeof out_path, viewer->file_list.base_dir, fname)) {
            if (IMG_SavePNG(save_surf, out_path) == 0) {
                saved = 1;
            }
        }
    } else if (strcmp(ext_lower, "jpg") == 0 || strcmp(ext_lower, "jpeg") == 0) {
        int n = snprintf(fname,
                         sizeof fname,
                         "%s_%s.%s",
                         name_wo_ext,
                         any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated",
                         ext_lower);
        if (n >= 0 && (size_t)n < sizeof fname &&
            safe_format_path(out_path, sizeof out_path, viewer->file_list.base_dir, fname)) {
            if (IMG_SaveJPG(save_surf, out_path, 90) == 0) {
                saved = 1;
            }
        }
    } else if (strcmp(ext_lower, "bmp") == 0) {
        int n = snprintf(
            fname, sizeof fname, "%s_%s.bmp", name_wo_ext, any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated");
        if (n >= 0 && (size_t)n < sizeof fname &&
            safe_format_path(out_path, sizeof out_path, viewer->file_list.base_dir, fname)) {
            if (SDL_SaveBMP(save_surf, out_path) == 0) {
                saved = 1;
            }
        }
    } else {
        // Unsupported original extension for saving -> fallback to PNG
        int n = snprintf(
            fname, sizeof fname, "%s_%s.png", name_wo_ext, any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated");
        if (n >= 0 && (size_t)n < sizeof fname &&
            safe_format_path(out_path, sizeof out_path, viewer->file_list.base_dir, fname)) {
            if (IMG_SavePNG(save_surf, out_path) == 0) {
                saved = 1;
                fallback_png = 1;
            }
        }
    }

    SDL_FreeSurface(save_surf);
    if (!saved) {
        printf("Failed to save rotated image (unsupported format or IO error).\n");
        return 0;
    }
    if (fallback_png) {
        printf("Saved %s image (fallback PNG): %s\n", any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated", out_path);
    } else {
        printf("Saved %s image: %s\n", any_trim ? "trimmed" : "rotated", out_path);
    }
    return 1;
}