Add HTTP status code Anki deck generator with http.cat images (#3)

* Initial plan

* Add HTTP status code Anki deck generator with cat images

Co-authored-by: kuhyx <147418882+kuhyx@users.noreply.github.com>

* Address code review feedback: improve test parameter handling

Co-authored-by: kuhyx <147418882+kuhyx@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: kuhyx <147418882+kuhyx@users.noreply.github.com>
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# HTTP Status Code Anki Deck Generator
Generate Anki flashcards for HTTP status codes with cat images from [http.cat](https://http.cat).
## Features
- 📚 Comprehensive coverage of HTTP status codes (1xx - 5xx)
- 🐱 Fun cat images for each status code
- 🔄 Bidirectional flashcards for better memorization:
- Code → Description + Image
- Description + Image → Code
- 💾 Smart caching to avoid re-downloading images
- 🎨 Dark mode support in Anki
## Installation
Dependencies are already included in the main `requirements.txt`:
- `requests` - For downloading images
- `genanki` - For creating Anki packages
## Usage
### Basic Usage
Generate an Anki deck with default settings:
```bash
python python_pkg/download_cats/http_status_anki.py
```
This creates `http_status_codes.apkg` in the current directory.
### Custom Output
Specify a custom output file:
```bash
python python_pkg/download_cats/http_status_anki.py --output my_deck.apkg
```
### Custom Deck Name
Set a custom name for the Anki deck:
```bash
python python_pkg/download_cats/http_status_anki.py --deck-name "My HTTP Status Cards"
```
### Force Re-download
Download images even if cached versions exist:
```bash
python python_pkg/download_cats/http_status_anki.py --no-cache
```
### Verbose Logging
Enable detailed logging:
```bash
python python_pkg/download_cats/http_status_anki.py --verbose
```
## How It Works
1. **Downloads Images**: Fetches cat images from https://http.cat/[status_code].jpg
2. **Caches Locally**: Saves images to `python_pkg/download_cats/http_cat_cache/` to avoid re-downloading
3. **Creates Bidirectional Cards**:
- **Front**: Status code (e.g., "200")
- **Back**: Description ("OK") + Cat image
- **Reverse**: Description + Image → Status code
4. **Exports to Anki**: Creates a `.apkg` file that can be imported into Anki
## Supported Status Codes
The script includes 79 HTTP status codes across all categories:
- **1xx Informational**: 100, 101, 102, 103
- **2xx Success**: 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 226
- **3xx Redirection**: 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 307, 308
- **4xx Client Error**: 400-499 (including fun ones like 418 "I'm a teapot")
- **5xx Server Error**: 500-599 (including various server/proxy errors)
## Importing into Anki
1. Run the script to generate the `.apkg` file
2. Open Anki
3. Click "Import File"
4. Select the generated `.apkg` file
5. Start studying!
## Cache Location
Images are cached at: `python_pkg/download_cats/http_cat_cache/`
This directory is automatically created and is ignored by git.
## Testing
Run the comprehensive test suite:
```bash
python -m pytest python_pkg/download_cats/tests/test_http_status_anki.py -v
```
## License
Same as the parent repository.

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Anki flashcard generator for HTTP status codes with cat images.
Downloads cat images from https://http.cat/ for each HTTP status code
and creates an Anki deck with bidirectional flashcards for memorization.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import hashlib
import logging
from pathlib import Path
import sys
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
import genanki
import requests
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from collections.abc import Sequence
_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Constants
REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 30 # seconds
CACHE_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / "http_cat_cache"
# Comprehensive HTTP status codes available on http.cat
# Data from: https://http.cat/
HTTP_STATUS_CODES = {
# 1xx Informational
100: "Continue",
101: "Switching Protocols",
102: "Processing",
103: "Early Hints",
# 2xx Success
200: "OK",
201: "Created",
202: "Accepted",
203: "Non-Authoritative Information",
204: "No Content",
205: "Reset Content",
206: "Partial Content",
207: "Multi-Status",
208: "Already Reported",
226: "IM Used",
# 3xx Redirection
300: "Multiple Choices",
301: "Moved Permanently",
302: "Found",
303: "See Other",
304: "Not Modified",
305: "Use Proxy",
307: "Temporary Redirect",
308: "Permanent Redirect",
# 4xx Client Error
400: "Bad Request",
401: "Unauthorized",
402: "Payment Required",
403: "Forbidden",
404: "Not Found",
405: "Method Not Allowed",
406: "Not Acceptable",
407: "Proxy Authentication Required",
408: "Request Timeout",
409: "Conflict",
410: "Gone",
411: "Length Required",
412: "Precondition Failed",
413: "Payload Too Large",
414: "URI Too Long",
415: "Unsupported Media Type",
416: "Range Not Satisfiable",
417: "Expectation Failed",
418: "I'm a teapot",
420: "Enhance Your Calm",
421: "Misdirected Request",
422: "Unprocessable Entity",
423: "Locked",
424: "Failed Dependency",
425: "Too Early",
426: "Upgrade Required",
428: "Precondition Required",
429: "Too Many Requests",
431: "Request Header Fields Too Large",
444: "No Response",
450: "Blocked by Windows Parental Controls",
451: "Unavailable For Legal Reasons",
497: "HTTP Request Sent to HTTPS Port",
498: "Token Expired/Invalid",
499: "Client Closed Request",
# 5xx Server Error
500: "Internal Server Error",
501: "Not Implemented",
502: "Bad Gateway",
503: "Service Unavailable",
504: "Gateway Timeout",
505: "HTTP Version Not Supported",
506: "Variant Also Negotiates",
507: "Insufficient Storage",
508: "Loop Detected",
509: "Bandwidth Limit Exceeded",
510: "Not Extended",
511: "Network Authentication Required",
521: "Web Server Is Down",
522: "Connection Timed Out",
523: "Origin Is Unreachable",
524: "A Timeout Occurred",
525: "SSL Handshake Failed",
526: "Invalid SSL Certificate",
527: "Railgun Error",
529: "Site is overloaded",
530: "Site is frozen",
599: "Network Connect Timeout Error",
}
def _download_cat_image(status_code: int) -> bytes:
"""Download a cat image for the given HTTP status code.
Args:
status_code: HTTP status code to download image for.
Returns:
Image bytes.
Raises:
requests.exceptions.RequestException: If download fails.
"""
url = f"https://http.cat/{status_code}.jpg"
_logger.info("Downloading %s", url)
response = requests.get(url, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT)
response.raise_for_status()
return response.content
def _get_cached_image_path(status_code: int) -> Path:
"""Get the cache file path for a status code image.
Args:
status_code: HTTP status code.
Returns:
Path to cached image file.
"""
return CACHE_DIR / f"{status_code}.jpg"
def get_or_download_image(status_code: int, *, use_cache: bool = True) -> bytes:
"""Get cat image for status code, using cache if available.
Args:
status_code: HTTP status code.
use_cache: Whether to use cached images if available.
Returns:
Image bytes.
Raises:
requests.exceptions.RequestException: If download fails.
"""
cache_path = _get_cached_image_path(status_code)
# Check cache first
if use_cache and cache_path.exists():
_logger.info("Using cached image for %d", status_code)
return cache_path.read_bytes()
# Download and cache
CACHE_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
image_data = _download_cat_image(status_code)
cache_path.write_bytes(image_data)
_logger.info("Cached image for %d at %s", status_code, cache_path)
return image_data
def generate_anki_package(
status_codes: dict[int, str],
deck_name: str = "HTTP Status Codes",
*,
use_cache: bool = True,
) -> genanki.Package:
"""Generate Anki package for HTTP status codes with cat images.
Creates bidirectional flashcards:
- Code -> Image + Description
- Description -> Code
Args:
status_codes: Dictionary mapping status codes to descriptions.
deck_name: Name for the Anki deck.
use_cache: Whether to use cached images.
Returns:
Generated Anki package.
"""
# Generate stable model IDs from deck name
model_id_hash = hashlib.md5(
f"http_status_{deck_name}".encode(), usedforsecurity=False
)
model_id_code_to_desc = int(model_id_hash.hexdigest()[:8], 16)
# Different model ID for reverse direction
reverse_hash = hashlib.md5(
f"http_status_reverse_{deck_name}".encode(), usedforsecurity=False
)
model_id_desc_to_code = int(reverse_hash.hexdigest()[:8], 16)
card_css = """
.card {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: center;
color: #333;
background-color: #fff;
}
.card.night_mode {
color: #eee;
background-color: #2f2f2f;
}
.status-code {
font-size: 48px;
font-weight: bold;
margin: 20px;
color: #2C3E50;
}
.card.night_mode .status-code {
color: #ECF0F1;
}
.description {
font-size: 32px;
margin: 20px;
color: #34495E;
}
.card.night_mode .description {
color: #BDC3C7;
}
.image-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
min-height: 60vh;
margin: 20px;
}
.image-container img {
max-width: 90%;
max-height: 60vh;
object-fit: contain;
border-radius: 10px;
}
"""
# Model 1: Status Code -> Image + Description
model_code_to_desc = genanki.Model(
model_id_code_to_desc,
"HTTP Status Code to Description",
fields=[
{"name": "StatusCode"},
{"name": "Description"},
{"name": "Image"},
],
templates=[
{
"name": "Code to Description",
"qfmt": '<div class="status-code">{{StatusCode}}</div>',
"afmt": '<div class="status-code">{{StatusCode}}</div>'
'<hr id="answer">'
'<div class="description">{{Description}}</div>'
'<div class="image-container">{{Image}}</div>',
},
],
css=card_css,
)
# Model 2: Description -> Status Code
model_desc_to_code = genanki.Model(
model_id_desc_to_code,
"HTTP Status Description to Code",
fields=[
{"name": "StatusCode"},
{"name": "Description"},
{"name": "Image"},
],
templates=[
{
"name": "Description to Code",
"qfmt": '<div class="description">{{Description}}</div>'
'<div class="image-container">{{Image}}</div>',
"afmt": '<div class="description">{{Description}}</div>'
'<div class="image-container">{{Image}}</div>'
'<hr id="answer">'
'<div class="status-code">{{StatusCode}}</div>',
},
],
css=card_css,
)
# Use MD5 hash of deck name for stable deck ID
deck_id_hash = hashlib.md5(deck_name.encode(), usedforsecurity=False)
deck_id = int(deck_id_hash.hexdigest()[:8], 16)
my_deck = genanki.Deck(deck_id, deck_name)
media_files = []
for status_code, description in status_codes.items():
try:
image_data = get_or_download_image(status_code, use_cache=use_cache)
filename = f"http_cat_{status_code}.jpg"
# Save to temp directory for genanki
temp_path = Path(f"/tmp/{filename}") # noqa: S108
temp_path.write_bytes(image_data)
media_files.append(str(temp_path))
image_html = f'<img src="{filename}">'
# Add card: Code -> Description + Image
note_code_to_desc = genanki.Note(
model=model_code_to_desc,
fields=[str(status_code), description, image_html],
tags=["http", "status-codes", "programming"],
)
my_deck.add_note(note_code_to_desc)
# Add card: Description + Image -> Code
note_desc_to_code = genanki.Note(
model=model_desc_to_code,
fields=[str(status_code), description, image_html],
tags=["http", "status-codes", "programming"],
)
my_deck.add_note(note_desc_to_code)
_logger.info("Added cards for status code %d", status_code)
except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
_logger.exception(
"Failed to download image for status code %d", status_code
)
package = genanki.Package(my_deck)
package.media_files = media_files
return package
def main(argv: Sequence[str] | None = None) -> int:
"""Main entry point.
Args:
argv: Command-line arguments.
Returns:
Exit code.
"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Generate Anki flashcards for HTTP status codes with cat images.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--output",
"-o",
type=str,
default=None,
help="Output file path (default: http_status_codes.apkg)",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--deck-name",
"-d",
type=str,
default="HTTP Status Codes",
help="Name for the Anki deck",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--no-cache",
action="store_true",
help="Download images even if cached versions exist",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--verbose",
"-v",
action="store_true",
help="Enable verbose logging",
)
args = parser.parse_args(argv)
output_path = Path(args.output) if args.output else Path("http_status_codes.apkg")
# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO if args.verbose else logging.WARNING,
format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s",
)
try:
sys.stdout.write("Generating HTTP status code flashcards...\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Total status codes: {len(HTTP_STATUS_CODES)}\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Cache directory: {CACHE_DIR}\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Using cache: {not args.no_cache}\n\n")
package = generate_anki_package(
HTTP_STATUS_CODES,
args.deck_name,
use_cache=not args.no_cache,
)
package.write_to_file(str(output_path))
sys.stdout.write("\n")
sys.stdout.write("=" * 60 + "\n")
sys.stdout.write("FLASHCARD GENERATION COMPLETE\n")
sys.stdout.write("=" * 60 + "\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Total cards: {len(HTTP_STATUS_CODES) * 2} ")
sys.stdout.write("(bidirectional)\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Output file: {output_path.absolute()}\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"Cache location: {CACHE_DIR.absolute()}\n")
sys.stdout.write("\nImport the .apkg file into Anki to start learning!\n")
except (OSError, ValueError, RuntimeError) as e:
sys.stderr.write(f"Error: {e}\n")
return 1
else:
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())

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"""Unit tests for HTTP status code Anki generator."""
from __future__ import annotations
from pathlib import Path
from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
import pytest
import requests
from python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki import (
CACHE_DIR,
HTTP_STATUS_CODES,
REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
_download_cat_image,
_get_cached_image_path,
generate_anki_package,
get_or_download_image,
main,
)
class TestDownloadCatImage:
"""Tests for _download_cat_image function."""
def test_successful_download(self) -> None:
"""Test successful image download."""
status_code = 200
image_content = b"fake cat image"
mock_response = MagicMock()
mock_response.content = image_content
with patch("requests.get", return_value=mock_response) as mock_get:
result = _download_cat_image(status_code)
mock_get.assert_called_once_with(
"https://http.cat/200.jpg",
timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
)
mock_response.raise_for_status.assert_called_once()
assert result == image_content
def test_http_error_raised(self) -> None:
"""Test that HTTP errors are raised."""
mock_response = MagicMock()
mock_response.raise_for_status.side_effect = requests.exceptions.HTTPError(
"404 Not Found"
)
with (
patch("requests.get", return_value=mock_response),
pytest.raises(requests.exceptions.HTTPError),
):
_download_cat_image(404)
def test_connection_error_raised(self) -> None:
"""Test that connection errors are raised."""
with (
patch(
"requests.get",
side_effect=requests.exceptions.ConnectionError("Network error"),
),
pytest.raises(requests.exceptions.ConnectionError),
):
_download_cat_image(500)
class TestGetCachedImagePath:
"""Tests for _get_cached_image_path function."""
def test_returns_correct_path(self) -> None:
"""Test that correct cache path is returned."""
status_code = 200
expected_path = CACHE_DIR / "200.jpg"
result = _get_cached_image_path(status_code)
assert result == expected_path
def test_different_codes_different_paths(self) -> None:
"""Test that different status codes get different paths."""
path_200 = _get_cached_image_path(200)
path_404 = _get_cached_image_path(404)
assert path_200 != path_404
assert "200.jpg" in str(path_200)
assert "404.jpg" in str(path_404)
class TestGetOrDownloadImage:
"""Tests for get_or_download_image function."""
def test_uses_cache_when_available(self) -> None:
"""Test that cached image is used when available."""
status_code = 200
cached_content = b"cached image"
with (
patch(
"pathlib.Path.exists",
return_value=True,
),
patch(
"pathlib.Path.read_bytes",
return_value=cached_content,
),
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki._download_cat_image"
) as mock_download,
):
result = get_or_download_image(status_code, use_cache=True)
assert result == cached_content
mock_download.assert_not_called()
def test_downloads_when_not_cached(self) -> None:
"""Test that image is downloaded when not in cache."""
status_code = 404
downloaded_content = b"downloaded image"
with (
patch("pathlib.Path.exists", return_value=False),
patch("pathlib.Path.mkdir"),
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki._download_cat_image",
return_value=downloaded_content,
) as mock_download,
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes") as mock_write,
):
result = get_or_download_image(status_code, use_cache=True)
assert result == downloaded_content
mock_download.assert_called_once_with(status_code)
mock_write.assert_called_once_with(downloaded_content)
def test_ignores_cache_when_disabled(self) -> None:
"""Test that cache is ignored when use_cache=False."""
status_code = 200
downloaded_content = b"fresh download"
with (
patch("pathlib.Path.exists", return_value=True),
patch("pathlib.Path.mkdir"),
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki._download_cat_image",
return_value=downloaded_content,
) as mock_download,
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
result = get_or_download_image(status_code, use_cache=False)
assert result == downloaded_content
mock_download.assert_called_once_with(status_code)
def test_creates_cache_directory(self) -> None:
"""Test that cache directory is created if it doesn't exist."""
with (
patch("pathlib.Path.exists", return_value=False),
patch("pathlib.Path.mkdir") as mock_mkdir,
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki._download_cat_image",
return_value=b"image",
),
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
get_or_download_image(200, use_cache=True)
mock_mkdir.assert_called_once_with(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
class TestGenerateAnkiPackage:
"""Tests for generate_anki_package function."""
def test_creates_package_with_all_codes(self) -> None:
"""Test that package is created with cards for all status codes."""
test_codes = {200: "OK", 404: "Not Found"}
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.get_or_download_image",
return_value=b"fake image",
),
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
package = generate_anki_package(test_codes, use_cache=True)
# Should have 2 cards per status code (bidirectional)
assert len(package.decks[0].notes) == 4
def test_uses_correct_deck_name(self) -> None:
"""Test that deck uses specified name."""
test_codes = {200: "OK"}
deck_name = "Test Deck"
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.get_or_download_image",
return_value=b"fake image",
),
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
package = generate_anki_package(test_codes, deck_name, use_cache=True)
assert package.decks[0].name == deck_name
def test_handles_download_errors(self) -> None:
"""Test that download errors are handled gracefully."""
test_codes = {200: "OK", 404: "Not Found"}
def mock_download(code: int, *, use_cache: bool) -> bytes:
del use_cache # Intentionally unused in test mock
error_msg = "Failed"
if code == 404:
raise requests.exceptions.RequestException(error_msg)
return b"image"
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.get_or_download_image",
side_effect=mock_download,
),
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
package = generate_anki_package(test_codes, use_cache=True)
# Should only have cards for successful downloads (200)
assert len(package.decks[0].notes) == 2 # 2 cards for status 200
def test_creates_media_files(self) -> None:
"""Test that media files are created for images."""
test_codes = {200: "OK"}
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.get_or_download_image",
return_value=b"fake image",
),
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
package = generate_anki_package(test_codes, use_cache=True)
assert len(package.media_files) == 1
assert "http_cat_200.jpg" in package.media_files[0]
def test_respects_cache_setting(self) -> None:
"""Test that cache setting is passed to download function."""
test_codes = {200: "OK"}
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.get_or_download_image",
return_value=b"fake image",
) as mock_get,
patch("pathlib.Path.write_bytes"),
):
generate_anki_package(test_codes, use_cache=False)
mock_get.assert_called_with(200, use_cache=False)
class TestMain:
"""Tests for main function."""
def test_default_output_path(self) -> None:
"""Test that default output path is used."""
with patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package"
) as mock_gen:
mock_package = MagicMock()
mock_gen.return_value = mock_package
result = main([])
assert result == 0
# Check that write_to_file was called with default path
call_args = mock_package.write_to_file.call_args[0][0]
assert "http_status_codes.apkg" in call_args
def test_custom_output_path(self) -> None:
"""Test that custom output path is used."""
with patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package"
) as mock_gen:
mock_package = MagicMock()
mock_gen.return_value = mock_package
result = main(["--output", "custom.apkg"])
assert result == 0
call_args = mock_package.write_to_file.call_args[0][0]
assert "custom.apkg" in call_args
def test_custom_deck_name(self) -> None:
"""Test that custom deck name is used."""
with patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package"
) as mock_gen:
mock_package = MagicMock()
mock_gen.return_value = mock_package
main(["--deck-name", "My Custom Deck"])
mock_gen.assert_called_once()
assert mock_gen.call_args[0][1] == "My Custom Deck"
def test_no_cache_option(self) -> None:
"""Test that --no-cache option disables caching."""
with patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package"
) as mock_gen:
mock_package = MagicMock()
mock_gen.return_value = mock_package
main(["--no-cache"])
# use_cache should be False (not args.no_cache = True)
assert mock_gen.call_args[1]["use_cache"] is False
def test_error_handling(self) -> None:
"""Test that errors are handled gracefully."""
with patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package",
side_effect=RuntimeError("Test error"),
):
result = main([])
assert result == 1
def test_verbose_logging(self) -> None:
"""Test that verbose flag enables logging."""
with (
patch(
"python_pkg.download_cats.http_status_anki.generate_anki_package"
) as mock_gen,
patch("logging.basicConfig") as mock_config,
):
mock_package = MagicMock()
mock_gen.return_value = mock_package
main(["--verbose"])
# Check that logging was configured
mock_config.assert_called_once()
call_kwargs = mock_config.call_args[1]
assert call_kwargs["level"] == 20 # logging.INFO
class TestConstants:
"""Tests for module constants."""
def test_http_status_codes_not_empty(self) -> None:
"""Test that HTTP_STATUS_CODES is populated."""
assert len(HTTP_STATUS_CODES) > 0
def test_common_status_codes_present(self) -> None:
"""Test that common status codes are present."""
common_codes = [200, 201, 301, 400, 401, 403, 404, 500, 502, 503]
for code in common_codes:
assert code in HTTP_STATUS_CODES
def test_status_codes_have_descriptions(self) -> None:
"""Test that all status codes have non-empty descriptions."""
for code, description in HTTP_STATUS_CODES.items():
assert isinstance(code, int)
assert isinstance(description, str)
assert len(description) > 0
def test_request_timeout_value(self) -> None:
"""Test REQUEST_TIMEOUT constant has expected value."""
assert REQUEST_TIMEOUT == 30
def test_cache_dir_path(self) -> None:
"""Test that CACHE_DIR is properly configured."""
assert isinstance(CACHE_DIR, Path)
assert "http_cat_cache" in str(CACHE_DIR)