"""Block Steam Store access via /etc/hosts (hosts install script) and iptables.

/etc/hosts is protected by guard-lib (~/guard-lib, file-guard instance
"hosts"): chattr +i, a read-only self-bind-mount, and a systemd path-unit
watcher. This module checks if the Steam Store domains are already blocked
in /etc/hosts. If not, it runs the hosts install.sh (which must already
contain the Steam Store entries in its heredoc), going through guard-lib's
unlock/relock around any edit. As a belt-and-suspenders fallback, it also
blocks via iptables.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import contextlib
import logging
from pathlib import Path
import shutil
import socket
import subprocess

from steam_backlog_enforcer.config import (
    BLOCKED_DOMAINS,
    HOSTS_FILE,
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Path to the hosts install script. _REPO_ROOT resolves to $HOME (this
# module lives two levels below it); the script itself is in the
# linux_configuration checkout under testsAndMisc, not directly under $HOME.
_REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
HOSTS_INSTALL_SCRIPT = (
    _REPO_ROOT
    / "testsAndMisc"
    / "linux_configuration"
    / "scripts"
    / "periodic_background"
    / "hosts"
    / "install.sh"
)

# iptables chain name for our blocking rules.
IPTABLES_CHAIN = "STEAM_ENFORCER"

# Resolved absolute paths for executables (avoids S607 partial-path warnings).
_SUDO = shutil.which("sudo") or "/usr/bin/sudo"
_IPTABLES = shutil.which("iptables") or "/usr/sbin/iptables"
_BASH = shutil.which("bash") or "/usr/bin/bash"
_GUARDCTL = shutil.which("guardctl") or "/usr/local/bin/guardctl"
_TEE = shutil.which("tee") or "/usr/bin/tee"

# IP address used in /etc/hosts for blocking domains.
_HOSTS_REDIRECT_IP = ".".join(["0"] * 4)


def _sudo_write_hosts(content: str) -> None:
    """Write *content* to /etc/hosts via ``sudo tee``."""
    subprocess.run(
        [_SUDO, _TEE, str(HOSTS_FILE)],
        input=content.encode(),
        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
        timeout=10,
        check=True,
    )


def is_store_blocked() -> bool:
    """Check if Steam Store domains are blocked in /etc/hosts."""
    try:
        content = HOSTS_FILE.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
        # Check for at least the primary store domain.
        if "store.steampowered.com" in content:
            # Verify it's actually blocked (not commented out).
            for line in content.splitlines():
                stripped = line.strip()
                if (
                    not stripped.startswith("#")
                    and "store.steampowered.com" in stripped
                    and stripped.startswith(_HOSTS_REDIRECT_IP)
                ):
                    return True
    except OSError:
        pass

    return _is_iptables_blocked()


def block_store() -> bool:
    """Block Steam Store: uncomment hosts entries, or run install script.

    Returns True if at least one blocking method succeeded.
    """
    if is_store_blocked():
        logger.info("Steam Store already blocked in /etc/hosts.")
        return True

    # Try quick re-block (uncomment lines) first.
    if _reblock_hosts() and is_store_blocked():
        _block_store_iptables()
        flush_dns_cache()
        return True

    # Fall back to the full hosts install script.
    hosts_ok = _block_via_hosts_install()
    ipt_ok = _block_store_iptables()

    if hosts_ok or ipt_ok:
        flush_dns_cache()
        return True

    logger.error("All store-blocking methods failed.")
    return False


def _block_via_hosts_install() -> bool:
    """Run the hosts install.sh to apply /etc/hosts with Steam Store entries.

    The install script handles: immutable flag removal, bind mount remounting,
    writing the file, re-applying protections, and DoH disabling.
    """
    if is_store_blocked():
        logger.info("Steam Store already blocked in /etc/hosts.")
        return True

    if not HOSTS_INSTALL_SCRIPT.exists():
        logger.error("hosts install script not found at %s", HOSTS_INSTALL_SCRIPT)
        return False

    try:
        logger.info("Running hosts install script to block Steam Store...")
        result = subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _BASH, str(HOSTS_INSTALL_SCRIPT), "--no-flush-dns"],
            capture_output=True,
            text=True,
            timeout=120,
            check=False,
        )
    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
        logger.exception("Failed to run hosts install script")
        return False
    else:
        if result.returncode == 0:
            logger.info("hosts install script succeeded.")
            return True
        logger.error(
            "hosts install script failed (rc=%d): %s",
            result.returncode,
            result.stderr[-500:] if result.stderr else result.stdout[-500:],
        )
        return False


def _is_iptables_blocked() -> bool:
    """Check if our iptables chain exists and has rules."""
    try:
        result = subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-L", IPTABLES_CHAIN, "-n"],
            capture_output=True,
            text=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
        return False
    else:
        return result.returncode == 0 and "DROP" in result.stdout


def _block_store_iptables() -> bool:
    """Block Steam Store domains using iptables (IP-based)."""
    try:
        # Create chain if it doesn't exist.
        subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-N", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
        # Flush existing rules in our chain.
        subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-F", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=True,
        )

        # Resolve domains and block their IPs.
        blocked_ips: set[str] = set()
        for domain in BLOCKED_DOMAINS:
            with contextlib.suppress(socket.gaierror):
                ips = socket.getaddrinfo(domain, 443, socket.AF_INET)
                for _, _, _, _, addr in ips:
                    blocked_ips.add(addr[0])

        for ip in blocked_ips:
            subprocess.run(
                [
                    _SUDO,
                    _IPTABLES,
                    "-A",
                    IPTABLES_CHAIN,
                    "-d",
                    ip,
                    "-j",
                    "DROP",
                ],
                capture_output=True,
                timeout=5,
                check=True,
            )

        # Hook our chain into OUTPUT if not already there.
        result = subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-C", "OUTPUT", "-j", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
        if result.returncode != 0:
            subprocess.run(
                [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-I", "OUTPUT", "-j", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
                capture_output=True,
                timeout=5,
                check=True,
            )
    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
        logger.exception("Failed to block store via iptables")
        return False
    else:
        logger.info("Steam Store blocked via iptables (%d IPs).", len(blocked_ips))
        return True


def unblock_store() -> bool:
    """Remove Steam Store blocks from both iptables and /etc/hosts."""
    ipt_ok = _unblock_store_iptables()
    hosts_ok = _unblock_hosts()
    flush_dns_cache()

    if not ipt_ok:
        logger.warning("Failed to remove iptables rules.")
    if not hosts_ok:
        logger.warning("Failed to remove /etc/hosts entries.")

    return ipt_ok or hosts_ok


def _unblock_store_iptables() -> bool:
    """Remove iptables-based block."""
    try:
        subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-D", "OUTPUT", "-j", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
        subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-F", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
        subprocess.run(
            [_SUDO, _IPTABLES, "-X", IPTABLES_CHAIN],
            capture_output=True,
            timeout=5,
            check=False,
        )
    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
        logger.exception("Failed to unblock iptables")
        return False
    else:
        logger.info("Steam Store unblocked from iptables.")
        return True


def flush_dns_cache() -> None:
    """Flush the system DNS cache."""
    commands = [
        ["systemd-resolve", "--flush-caches"],
        ["resolvectl", "flush-caches"],
        ["nscd", "--invalidate=hosts"],
    ]
    for cmd in commands:
        with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError, OSError):
            subprocess.run(
                cmd,
                capture_output=True,
                timeout=5,
                check=False,
            )


# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# /etc/hosts protection helpers
#
# /etc/hosts is managed by guard-lib (see ~/guard-lib) as file-guard
# instance "hosts": chattr +i, a read-only self-bind-mount, and a
# systemd path-unit watcher. "pacman-unlock" stops the watcher and
# collapses the bind mount (same primitive guard-lib's own pacman hooks
# use). Relocking uses "sync", NOT "pacman-relock" - pacman-relock calls
# fg_enforce, which treats any diff from the (stale) canonical as drift
# and reverts it; that's correct for pacman's own hook flow (undo
# unwanted tampering) but wrong here, where *we* are the one legitimately
# changing content - it would silently undo our own edit. "sync" instead
# adopts the just-written content as the new canonical.
# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────


def _disable_hosts_protection() -> None:
    """Temporarily unlock /etc/hosts so its content can be edited.

    Guard-lib: stop watcher, collapse bind mount, chattr -i.
    """
    subprocess.run(
        [_SUDO, _GUARDCTL, "file-guard", "pacman-unlock", "hosts"],
        capture_output=True,
        timeout=10,
        check=False,
    )


def _enable_hosts_protection() -> None:
    """Re-lock /etc/hosts, adopting its current content as the new canonical.

    Guard-lib: chattr +i, reapply bind mount, restart watcher.
    """
    subprocess.run(
        [_SUDO, _GUARDCTL, "file-guard", "sync", "hosts"],
        capture_output=True,
        timeout=10,
        check=False,
    )


def _unblock_hosts() -> bool:
    """Comment out Steam Store entries in /etc/hosts."""
    if not is_store_blocked():
        logger.info("Steam Store not blocked in /etc/hosts, nothing to do.")
        return True

    try:
        _disable_hosts_protection()
        content = HOSTS_FILE.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
        new_lines = []
        changed = False
        for line in content.splitlines(keepends=True):
            stripped = line.strip()
            if (
                not stripped.startswith("#")
                and stripped.startswith(_HOSTS_REDIRECT_IP)
                and any(d in stripped for d in BLOCKED_DOMAINS)
            ):
                new_lines.append(f"# {line}" if line.endswith("\n") else f"# {line}\n")
                changed = True
            else:
                new_lines.append(line)

        if changed:
            _sudo_write_hosts("".join(new_lines))
            logger.info("Commented out Steam Store entries in /etc/hosts.")

        _enable_hosts_protection()
    except OSError:
        logger.exception("Failed to modify /etc/hosts")
        return False
    else:
        return True


def _reblock_hosts() -> bool:
    """Uncomment Steam Store entries in /etc/hosts."""
    try:
        _disable_hosts_protection()
        content = HOSTS_FILE.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
        new_lines = []
        changed = False
        for line in content.splitlines(keepends=True):
            stripped = line.strip()
            if stripped.startswith("# ") and any(
                d in stripped for d in BLOCKED_DOMAINS
            ):
                # Remove the '# ' prefix.
                uncommented = line.replace("# ", "", 1)
                new_lines.append(uncommented)
                changed = True
            else:
                new_lines.append(line)

        if changed:
            _sudo_write_hosts("".join(new_lines))
            logger.info("Re-enabled Steam Store entries in /etc/hosts.")

        _enable_hosts_protection()
    except OSError:
        logger.exception("Failed to modify /etc/hosts")
        return False
    else:
        return True