chore: add new folder

.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json

@@ -1,22 +1,20 @@
 {
-    "configurations": [
-        {
-            "defines":[
-                "GLFW_INCLUDE_NONE"
-            ],
-            "name": "linux-gcc-x64",
-            "includePath": [
-                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
-                "${workspaceFolder}/dependencies/include",
-                "${workspaceFolder}/dependencies/include/glad/**"
-            ],
-            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
-            "cStandard": "${default}",
-            "cppStandard": "${default}",
-            "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
-            "compilerArgs": [],
-            "configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
-        }
-    ],
-    "version": 4
+  "configurations": [
+    {
+      "defines": [
+        "GLFW_INCLUDE_NONE"
+      ],
+      "name": "linux-gcc-x64",
+      "includePath": [
+        "${workspaceFolder}/**"
+      ],
+      "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
+      "cStandard": "${default}",
+      "cppStandard": "${default}",
+      "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
+      "compilerArgs": [],
+      "configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
+    }
+  ],
+  "version": 4
 }

.vscode/extensions.json

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 {
     "recommendations": [
         "aaron-bond.better-comments",
-        "ms-vscode.cpptools",
-        "ms-vscode.cpptools-themes",
         "wmaurer.change-case",
         "xaver.clang-format",
         "streetsidesoftware.code-spell-checker",
@@ -15,6 +13,7 @@
         "davidanson.vscode-markdownlint",
         "pkief.material-icon-theme",
         "streetsidesoftware.code-spell-checker-polish",
-        "slevesque.shader"
+        "slevesque.shader",
+        "ms-vscode.cpptools-themes"
     ]
 }

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -5,7 +5,33 @@
       "defines": [
         "GLFW_INCLUDE_NONE"
       ],
-      "name": "C/C++ Runner: Debug Session",
+      "name": "C/C++ Runner: BREAKOUT",
+      "type": "cppdbg",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "args": [
+        ""
+      ],
+      "stopAtEntry": false,
+      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout",
+      "environment": [],
+      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout/build/Debug/outDebug",
+      "internalConsoleOptions": "openOnSessionStart",
+      "MIMode": "gdb",
+      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
+      "externalConsole": false,
+      "setupCommands": [
+        {
+          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+          "ignoreFailures": true
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "defines": [
+        "GLFW_INCLUDE_NONE"
+      ],
+      "name": "C/C++ Runner: learn opgl",
       "type": "cppdbg",
       "request": "launch",
       "args": [
@@ -26,6 +52,25 @@
           "ignoreFailures": true
         }
       ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "C/C++ Runner: Debug Session",
+      "type": "cppdbg",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "args": [],
+      "stopAtEntry": false,
+      "externalConsole": false,
+      "cwd": "/home/kuchy/inzynierka/engineer-thesis-WUT/breakout",
+      "program": "/home/kuchy/inzynierka/engineer-thesis-WUT/breakout/build/Debug/outDebug",
+      "MIMode": "gdb",
+      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
+      "setupCommands": [
+        {
+          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+          "ignoreFailures": true
+        }
+      ]
     }
   ]
 }

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -106,5 +106,7 @@
     "RENDERLOOP",
     "VERTICE",
     "vshader"
-  ]
+  ],
+  "C_Cpp_Runner.debuggerPath": "gdb",
+  "C_Cpp_Runner.useMsvc": false
 }

.vscode/tasks.json

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
     "tasks": [
         {
             "type": "cppbuild",
-            "label": "C/C++: g++-20 build active file",
+            "label": "C/C++: g++-20 build learnogl",
             "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
             "args": [
                 "-g",
@@ -35,6 +35,42 @@
                 "isDefault": true
             },
             "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
+        },
+        {
+            "type": "cppbuild",
+            "label": "C/C++: g++-20 build breakout",
+            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
+            "args": [
+                "-g",
+                "-std=c++2a",
+                "-I${workspaceFolder}/dependencies/include",
+                "-L${workspaceFolder}/dependencies/library",
+                "-Wall",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout/*.hpp",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout/*.cpp",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout/glad.c",
+                "-o",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/Engine/breakout/breakout",
+                "-lglut",
+                "-lglfw",
+                "-lGLU",
+                "-lGL",
+                "-lm",
+                "-ldl",
+                "-pipe",
+                "-O0"
+            ],
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$gcc"
+            ],
+            "group": {
+                "kind": "build",
+                "isDefault": true
+            },
+            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
         }
     ],
     "version": "2.0.0"

breakout/breakout.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_CPP
+#define BREAKOUT_CPP
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/glad/glad.h"
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+#include "game.hpp"
+#include "resourceManager.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+// GLFW function declarations
+void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
+void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);
+
+// The Width of the screen
+const unsigned int SCREEN_WIDTH = 800;
+// The height of the screen
+const unsigned int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600;
+
+Game Breakout(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    glfwInit();
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
+#endif
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, false);
+
+    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, "Breakout", nullptr, nullptr);
+    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
+
+    // glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
+    // ---------------------------------------
+    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
+    {
+        std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
+    glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
+
+    // OpenGL configuration
+    // --------------------
+    glViewport(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
+    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+    glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+
+    // initialize game
+    // ---------------
+    Breakout.Init();
+
+    // deltaTime variables
+    // -------------------
+    float deltaTime = 0.0f;
+    float lastFrame = 0.0f;
+
+    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
+    {
+        // calculate delta time
+        // --------------------
+        float currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
+        deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
+        lastFrame = currentFrame;
+        glfwPollEvents();
+
+        // manage user input
+        // -----------------
+        Breakout.ProcessInput(deltaTime);
+
+        // update game state
+        // -----------------
+        Breakout.Update(deltaTime);
+
+        // render
+        // ------
+        glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
+        Breakout.Render();
+
+        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
+    }
+
+    // delete all resources as loaded using the resource manager
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------
+    ResourceManager::Clear();
+
+    glfwTerminate();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)
+{
+    // when a user presses the escape key, we set the WindowShouldClose property to true, closing the application
+    if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)
+        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
+    if (key >= 0 && key < 1024)
+    {
+        if (action == GLFW_PRESS)
+            Breakout.Keys[key] = true;
+        else if (action == GLFW_RELEASE)
+            Breakout.Keys[key] = false;
+    }
+}
+
+void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
+{
+    // make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
+    // height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
+    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+}
+
+
+#endif // BREAKOUT_CPP

breakout/game.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef GAME_CPP
+#define GAME_CPP
+#include "./game.hpp"
+
+Game::Game(unsigned int width, unsigned int height) 
+    : State(GAME_ACTIVE), Keys(), Width(width), Height(height)
+{ 
+
+}
+
+Game::~Game()
+{
+    
+}
+
+void Game::Init()
+{
+   
+}
+
+void Game::Update(float dt)
+{
+    
+}
+
+void Game::ProcessInput(float dt)
+{
+   
+}
+
+void Game::Render()
+{
+    
+}
+
+
+#endif  // GAME_CPP

breakout/game.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_GAME_HPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_GAME_HPP_
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/glad/glad.h"
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+// Represents the current state of the game
+enum GameState {
+    GAME_ACTIVE,
+    GAME_MENU,
+    GAME_WIN
+}; 
+
+class Game
+{
+    public:
+        // game state
+        GameState    State;	
+        bool         Keys[1024];
+        unsigned int Width, Height;
+        // constructor/destructor
+        Game(unsigned int width, unsigned int height);
+        ~Game();
+        // initialize game state (load all shaders/textures/levels)
+        void Init();
+        // game loop
+        void ProcessInput(float dt);
+        void Update(float dt);
+        void Render();
+};
+
+#endif  // BREAKOUT_GAME_HPP_

breakout/resourceManager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+
+#include "resourceManager.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <fstream>
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/stb_image.h"
+
+// Instantiate static variables
+std::map<std::string, Texture2D>    ResourceManager::Textures;
+std::map<std::string, Shader>       ResourceManager::Shaders;
+
+
+Shader ResourceManager::LoadShader(const char *vShaderFile, const char *fShaderFile, const char *gShaderFile, std::string name)
+{
+    Shaders[name] = loadShaderFromFile(vShaderFile, fShaderFile, gShaderFile);
+    return Shaders[name];
+}
+
+Shader ResourceManager::GetShader(std::string name)
+{
+    return Shaders[name];
+}
+
+Texture2D ResourceManager::LoadTexture(const char *file, bool alpha, std::string name)
+{
+    Textures[name] = loadTextureFromFile(file, alpha);
+    return Textures[name];
+}
+
+Texture2D ResourceManager::GetTexture(std::string name)
+{
+    return Textures[name];
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::Clear()
+{
+    // (properly) delete all shaders	
+    for (auto iter : Shaders)
+        glDeleteProgram(iter.second.ID);
+    // (properly) delete all textures
+    for (auto iter : Textures)
+        glDeleteTextures(1, &iter.second.ID);
+}
+
+Shader ResourceManager::loadShaderFromFile(const char *vShaderFile, const char *fShaderFile, const char *gShaderFile)
+{
+    // 1. retrieve the vertex/fragment source code from filePath
+    std::string vertexCode;
+    std::string fragmentCode;
+    std::string geometryCode;
+    try
+    {
+        // open files
+        std::ifstream vertexShaderFile(vShaderFile);
+        std::ifstream fragmentShaderFile(fShaderFile);
+        std::stringstream vShaderStream, fShaderStream;
+        // read file's buffer contents into streams
+        vShaderStream << vertexShaderFile.rdbuf();
+        fShaderStream << fragmentShaderFile.rdbuf();
+        // close file handlers
+        vertexShaderFile.close();
+        fragmentShaderFile.close();
+        // convert stream into string
+        vertexCode = vShaderStream.str();
+        fragmentCode = fShaderStream.str();
+        // if geometry shader path is present, also load a geometry shader
+        if (gShaderFile != nullptr)
+        {
+            std::ifstream geometryShaderFile(gShaderFile);
+            std::stringstream gShaderStream;
+            gShaderStream << geometryShaderFile.rdbuf();
+            geometryShaderFile.close();
+            geometryCode = gShaderStream.str();
+        }
+    }
+    catch (std::exception e)
+    {
+        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER: Failed to read shader files" << std::endl;
+    }
+    const char *vShaderCode = vertexCode.c_str();
+    const char *fShaderCode = fragmentCode.c_str();
+    const char *gShaderCode = geometryCode.c_str();
+    // 2. now create shader object from source code
+    Shader shader;
+    shader.Compile(vShaderCode, fShaderCode, gShaderFile != nullptr ? gShaderCode : nullptr);
+    return shader;
+}
+
+Texture2D ResourceManager::loadTextureFromFile(const char *file, bool alpha)
+{
+    // create texture object
+    Texture2D texture;
+    if (alpha)
+    {
+        texture.Internal_Format = GL_RGBA;
+        texture.Image_Format = GL_RGBA;
+    }
+    // load image
+    int width, height, nrChannels;
+    unsigned char* data = stbi_load(file, &width, &height, &nrChannels, 0);
+    // now generate texture
+    texture.Generate(width, height, data);
+    // and finally free image data
+    stbi_image_free(data);
+    return texture;
+}
+
+#endif 

breakout/resourceManager.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+
+
+/*******************************************************************
+** This code is part of Breakout.
+**
+** Breakout is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+** it under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license as published by
+** Creative Commons, either version 4 of the License, or (at your
+** option) any later version.
+******************************************************************/
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/glad/glad.h"
+
+#include "texture.hpp"
+#include "shader.hpp"
+
+
+// A static singleton ResourceManager class that hosts several
+// functions to load Textures and Shaders. Each loaded texture
+// and/or shader is also stored for future reference by string
+// handles. All functions and resources are static and no 
+// public constructor is defined.
+class ResourceManager
+{
+public:
+    // resource storage
+    static std::map<std::string, Shader>    Shaders;
+    static std::map<std::string, Texture2D> Textures;
+    // loads (and generates) a shader program from file loading vertex, fragment (and geometry) shader's source code. If gShaderFile is not nullptr, it also loads a geometry shader
+    static Shader    LoadShader(const char *vShaderFile, const char *fShaderFile, const char *gShaderFile, std::string name);
+    // retrieves a stored sader
+    static Shader    GetShader(std::string name);
+    // loads (and generates) a texture from file
+    static Texture2D LoadTexture(const char *file, bool alpha, std::string name);
+    // retrieves a stored texture
+    static Texture2D GetTexture(std::string name);
+    // properly de-allocates all loaded resources
+    static void      Clear();
+private:
+    // private constructor, that is we do not want any actual resource manager objects. Its members and functions should be publicly available (static).
+    ResourceManager() { }
+    // loads and generates a shader from file
+    static Shader    loadShaderFromFile(const char *vShaderFile, const char *fShaderFile, const char *gShaderFile = nullptr);
+    // loads a single texture from file
+    static Texture2D loadTextureFromFile(const char *file, bool alpha);
+};
+
+#endif //  BREAKOUT_RESOURCE_MANAGER_HPP_

breakout/shader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_SHADER_CPP
+#define BREAKOUT_SHADER_CPP
+#include "./shader.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+Shader &Shader::Use()
+{
+    glUseProgram(this->ID);
+    return *this;
+}
+
+void Shader::Compile(const char* vertexSource, const char* fragmentSource, const char* geometrySource)
+{
+    unsigned int sVertex, sFragment, gShader;
+    // vertex Shader
+    sVertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
+    glShaderSource(sVertex, 1, &vertexSource, NULL);
+    glCompileShader(sVertex);
+    checkCompileErrors(sVertex, "VERTEX");
+    // fragment Shader
+    sFragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
+    glShaderSource(sFragment, 1, &fragmentSource, NULL);
+    glCompileShader(sFragment);
+    checkCompileErrors(sFragment, "FRAGMENT");
+    // if geometry shader source code is given, also compile geometry shader
+    if (geometrySource != nullptr)
+    {
+        gShader = glCreateShader(GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
+        glShaderSource(gShader, 1, &geometrySource, NULL);
+        glCompileShader(gShader);
+        checkCompileErrors(gShader, "GEOMETRY");
+    }
+    // shader program
+    this->ID = glCreateProgram();
+    glAttachShader(this->ID, sVertex);
+    glAttachShader(this->ID, sFragment);
+    if (geometrySource != nullptr)
+        glAttachShader(this->ID, gShader);
+    glLinkProgram(this->ID);
+    checkCompileErrors(this->ID, "PROGRAM");
+    // delete the shaders as they're linked into our program now and no longer necessary
+    glDeleteShader(sVertex);
+    glDeleteShader(sFragment);
+    if (geometrySource != nullptr)
+        glDeleteShader(gShader);
+}
+
+void Shader::SetFloat(const char *name, float value, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), value);
+}
+void Shader::SetInteger(const char *name, int value, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), value);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector2f(const char *name, float x, float y, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform2f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), x, y);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector2f(const char *name, const glm::vec2 &value, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform2f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), value.x, value.y);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector3f(const char *name, float x, float y, float z, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), x, y, z);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector3f(const char *name, const glm::vec3 &value, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), value.x, value.y, value.z);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector4f(const char *name, float x, float y, float z, float w, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), x, y, z, w);
+}
+void Shader::SetVector4f(const char *name, const glm::vec4 &value, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniform4f(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), value.x, value.y, value.z, value.w);
+}
+void Shader::SetMatrix4(const char *name, const glm::mat4 &matrix, bool useShader)
+{
+    if (useShader)
+        this->Use();
+    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(this->ID, name), 1, false, glm::value_ptr(matrix));
+}
+
+
+void Shader::checkCompileErrors(unsigned int object, std::string type)
+{
+    int success;
+    char infoLog[1024];
+    if (type != "PROGRAM")
+    {
+        glGetShaderiv(object, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
+        if (!success)
+        {
+            glGetShaderInfoLog(object, 1024, NULL, infoLog);
+            std::cout << "| ERROR::SHADER: Compile-time error: Type: " << type << "\n"
+                << infoLog << "\n -- --------------------------------------------------- -- "
+                << std::endl;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        glGetProgramiv(object, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
+        if (!success)
+        {
+            glGetProgramInfoLog(object, 1024, NULL, infoLog);
+            std::cout << "| ERROR::Shader: Link-time error: Type: " << type << "\n"
+                << infoLog << "\n -- --------------------------------------------------- -- "
+                << std::endl;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#endif // BREAKOUT_SHADER_CPP

breakout/shader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+
+
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_SHADER_HPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_SHADER_HPP_
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/glad/glad.h"
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
+
+
+// General purpose shader object. Compiles from file, generates
+// compile/link-time error messages and hosts several utility 
+// functions for easy management.
+class Shader
+{
+public:
+    // state
+    unsigned int ID; 
+    // constructor
+    Shader() { }
+    // sets the current shader as active
+    Shader  &Use();
+    // compiles the shader from given source code
+    void    Compile(const char *vertexSource, const char *fragmentSource, const char *geometrySource = nullptr); // note: geometry source code is optional 
+    // utility functions
+    void    SetFloat    (const char *name, float value, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetInteger  (const char *name, int value, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector2f (const char *name, float x, float y, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector2f (const char *name, const glm::vec2 &value, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector3f (const char *name, float x, float y, float z, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector3f (const char *name, const glm::vec3 &value, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector4f (const char *name, float x, float y, float z, float w, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetVector4f (const char *name, const glm::vec4 &value, bool useShader = false);
+    void    SetMatrix4  (const char *name, const glm::mat4 &matrix, bool useShader = false);
+private:
+    // checks if compilation or linking failed and if so, print the error logs
+    void    checkCompileErrors(unsigned int object, std::string type); 
+};
+
+#endif // BREAKOUT_SHADER_HPP_

breakout/texture.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_CPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_CPP_
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+
+#include "texture.hpp"
+
+
+Texture2D::Texture2D()
+    : Width(0), Height(0), Internal_Format(GL_RGB), Image_Format(GL_RGB), Wrap_S(GL_REPEAT), Wrap_T(GL_REPEAT), Filter_Min(GL_LINEAR), Filter_Max(GL_LINEAR)
+{
+    glGenTextures(1, &this->ID);
+}
+
+void Texture2D::Generate(unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned char* data)
+{
+    this->Width = width;
+    this->Height = height;
+    // create Texture
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, this->ID);
+    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, this->Internal_Format, width, height, 0, this->Image_Format, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
+    // set Texture wrap and filter modes
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, this->Wrap_S);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, this->Wrap_T);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, this->Filter_Min);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, this->Filter_Max);
+    // unbind texture
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+}
+
+void Texture2D::Bind() const
+{
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, this->ID);
+}
+
+#endif // BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_CPP_

breakout/texture.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_HPP_
+#define BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_HPP_
+
+#include "../dependencies/include/glad/glad.h"
+
+// Texture2D is able to store and configure a texture in OpenGL.
+// It also hosts utility functions for easy management.
+class Texture2D
+{
+public:
+    // holds the ID of the texture object, used for all texture operations to reference to this particular texture
+    unsigned int ID;
+    // texture image dimensions
+    unsigned int Width, Height; // width and height of loaded image in pixels
+    // texture Format
+    unsigned int Internal_Format; // format of texture object
+    unsigned int Image_Format; // format of loaded image
+    // texture configuration
+    unsigned int Wrap_S; // wrapping mode on S axis
+    unsigned int Wrap_T; // wrapping mode on T axis
+    unsigned int Filter_Min; // filtering mode if texture pixels < screen pixels
+    unsigned int Filter_Max; // filtering mode if texture pixels > screen pixels
+    // constructor (sets default texture modes)
+    Texture2D();
+    // generates texture from image data
+    void Generate(unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned char* data);
+    // binds the texture as the current active GL_TEXTURE_2D texture object
+    void Bind() const;
+};
+
+#endif // BREAKOUT_TEXTURE_HPP_

dependencies/include/stb_images_implementation.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#ifndef STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image.h"
+
+#endif